Rat Models of Diet-Induced Obesity and High Fat/Low Dose Streptozotocin Type 2 Diabetes: Effect of Reversal of High Fat Diet Compared to Treatment with Enalapril or Menhaden Oil on Glucose Utilization and Neuropathic Endpoints

Table 1

Effect of reversal of high fat diet, enalapril, or menhaden oil in diet-induced obese or type 2 diabetic rats on change in body weight, nonfasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A₁C, steatosis, and epididymal fat pad.

Condition	Start weight; (g)	End weight; (g)	Blood glucose; (mg/dL)	Hb A1C; (%)	Steatosis; (% area)	Epididymal fat pad; (g)
Control (12)	326 ± 3	491 ± 9	149 ± 10	6.6 ± 0.4	3.0 ± 0.5	2.8 ± 0.1
Obese (11)	329 ± 3	560 ± 18^a	144 ± 6	7.0 ± 0.7	5.4 ± 0.7^a	5.9 ± 0.6^a
Obese + Normal diet (10)	320 ± 3	496 ± 11^d	133 ± 5	7.8 ± 0.8	2.7 ± 0.3^d	3.1 ± 0.2^d
Obese + enalapril (12)	311 ± 1	489 ± 12^d	149 ± 4	6.3 ± 0.4	4.1 ± 0.6	3.3 ± 0.3^d
Obese + menhaden oil (12)	312 ± 2	585 ± 12^a	152 ± 9	5.8 ± 0.5	4.0 ± 0.5	5.8 ± 0.4^a
Diabetic (10)	325 ± 4	493 ± 24	382 ± 20^a,d	14.6 ± 1.0^a,d	7.7 ± 1.2^a	2.8 ± 0.3^d
Diabetic + normal diet (10)	321 ± 3	413 ± 21^b	418 ± 25^a,b,d	11.9 ± 2.0^a,b,d	3.1 ± 0.5^c	1.6 ± 0.3^b
Diabetic + enalapril (11)	315 ± 3	416 ± 9^b,c	415 ± 23^a,b,d	11.9 ± 1.6^a,b,d	3.4 ± 0.8^c	2.5 ± 0.1^d
Diabetic + menhaden oil (11)	310 ± 4	450 ± 23^b	364 ± 21^a,b,d	9.5 ± 1.0^a,b,c,d	5.2 ± 0.8	3.3 ± 0.5^b,d

Data are presented as the mean ± S.E.M. compared to control; compared to obese matched condition; compared to diabetic; compared to obese. Parentheses indicate the number of experimental animals.