Review Article

Recent Trends in Therapeutic Approaches for Diabetes Management: A Comprehensive Update

Table 2

Description of some problems associated with diabetes and possible nanomedicine solutions.

Measurement problems Nanometrology solutions

Continuous blood glucose monitoring
Stable implanted enzyme electrodes
Noninvasive monitoring
Biocompatible nanofilms
“Smart tattoo” of glucose
Nanosensors

Improved diagnosis
Targeted molecular imaging
Understanding mechanisms
NIR QDs, gold nanoparticles
Single-molecule detection

Therapy problemsNanotherapeutic solutions

Improved insulin delivery
Islet cell transplantation
Oral insulin
Closed-loop insulin delivery
Islet nanoencapsulation
Insulin nanoparticles

Artificial nanopancreas