Skewed Epigenetics: An Alternative Therapeutic Option for Diabetes Complications

Figure 1

Schematic representation of epigenetic mechanisms in diabetic setting. In the nucleus ROS-mediated histone acetylation/methylation as well as DNA methylation accounts for gene transcriptional activation or repression. In the cytoplasm ROS-mediated changes in miR expression drive posttranscriptional regulation of target genes. Such epigenetic changes impact long-term diabetes-associated complications. HTAs: histone acetyltransferases; HMTs: histone methyltransferases; DMT: DNA methyltransferase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; miRs: microRNAs; Lys: lysine; Arg: arginine; –COCH₃: acetyl radical; –CH₃: methyl radical.