Aberrant Phenotype in Human Endothelial Cells of Diabetic Origin: Implications for Saphenous Vein Graft Failure?

Figure 1

SV-EC morphology and proliferation. (a) Morphology of ND and T2DM populations in culture, scale bar = 100 μm. Left-hand panels = representative phase images from two ND and two T2DM-EC, right-hand panels = rhodamine phalloidin staining of F-actin cytoskeleton at ×400 magnification from one ND and one T2DM-EC population. (b) Spread cell area and (c) mean circularity (roundness) of 50 cells per population of ND and T2DM-EC were measured using ImageJ (both , ns = not significant). (d) Proliferation was quantified by direct counting of live cells over 5 days in full growth medium. Data are expressed as the percentage increase in cell number from day 0 count and (e) area under curve (AUC) (, ns = not significant). (f) SV-EC were treated with 5–20% FCS and viable cells counted on day 5. Data is presented as box-and-whiskers with the median indicated (-7, ns = not significant). (g) Cells from three ND and three T2DM donors were monitored over a period of 3 days in full growth medium on a Phase Focus PFVL21 system and the relative cellular dry mass plotted over time. Right-hand panel = representative ptychographic images of cells dividing (blue asterisks) and dying (red arrowhead), scale bar = 200 μm. (h) Cell viability following completion of the ptychographic experiment, , ns = not significant.

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