Research Article
A New Approach to Define and Diagnose Cardiometabolic Disorder in Children
Table 1
Description of age adjusted risk factor levels for all cohorts. Adjustment for age enables comparison between cohorts.
| Girls | Waist (cm) | Systolic BP (mmHg) | HDL (mmol/L) | Triglyceride (mmol/L) | HOMA | | Mean | SD | | Mean | SD | | Mean | SD | | Mean | SD | | Mean | SD |
| Denmark 9 yr (EYHS) | 547 | 18.9 | 2.6 | 547 | 104.4 | 8.2 | 547 | 1.47 |
0.31 | 547 | 0.88 | 0.38 | 547 | 2.00 | .97 | Denmark 15 yr (EYHS) | 464 | 18.6 | 2.9 | 464 | 102.2 | 8.5 | 464 | 1.52 | 0.32 | 464 | 0.86 | 0.40 | 464 | 1.76 | 1.13 | Portugal 9 yr (EYHS) | 501 | 20.1 | 3.4 | 501 | 98.1 | 8.9 | 501 | 1.52 | 0.31 | 501 | 0.82 | 0.38 | 501 | 1.61 | .87 | Portugal 15 yr (EYHS) | 378 | 19.1 | 3.2 | 378 | 96.3 | 8.2 | 378 | 1.56 | 0.31 | 378 | 0.63 | 0.35 | 378 | 1.29 | 1.02 | Estonia 9 yr (EYHS) | 303 | 18.2 | 2.3 | 303 | 103.8 | 8.9 | 303 | 1.40 | 0.29 | 303 | 0.83 | 0.28 | 303 | 1.71 | .78 | Estonia 15 yr (EYHS) | 333 | 18.0 | 2.8 | 333 | 102.6 | 9.2 | 333 | 1.50 | 0.28 | 333 | 0.77 | 0.36 | 333 | 1.96 | 1.23 | Norway 9 yr 2000 (EYHS) | 196 | 18.7 | 2.4 | 196 | 105.5 | 8.3 | 196 | 1.45 | 0.30 | 196 | 0.97 | 0.30 | | · | · | Norway 15 yr 2000 (EYHS) | 181 | 17.8 | 3.2 | 181 | 103.8 | 8.8 | 181 | 1.42 | 0.31 | 181 | 0.98 | 0.47 | | · | · | Denmark 6 yr (CoSCIS) | 333 | 19.7 | 1.9 | 333 | 104.9 | 7.7 | 333 | 1.38 | 0.27 | 333 | 0.74 | 0.29 | 333 | 1.54 | .45 | Denmark 9 yr (CoSCIS) | 338 | 19.0 | 2.6 | 338 | 106.4 | 8.9 | 338 | 1.54 | 0.37 | 338 | 0.63 | 0.24 | 338 | 1.64 | .75 | Denmark 13 yr (CoSCIS) | 252 | 18.4 | 2.8 | 252 | 106.9 | 7.9 | 252 | 1.50 | 0.33 | 252 | 0.76 | 0.37 | 252 | 2.06 | 1.23 | USA 6–10 yr (NHANES) | 576 | 20.6 | 3.7 | 576 | 104.9 | 8.8 | 576 | 1.40 | 0.33 | 576 | 1.06 | 0.61 | | · | · | USA 10–14 yr (NHANES) | 796 | 20.9 | 5.2 | 796 | 106.4 | 9.2 | 796 | 1.45 | 0.36 | 796 | 0.90 | 0.48 | 796 | 2.51 | 3.67 | USA 14–18 yr (NHANES) | 1046 | 21.0 | 5.8 | 1046 | 107.7 | 10.0 | 1046 | 1.38 | 0.30 | 1046 | 0.90 | 0.90 | 1046 | 1.91 | 3.37 | Norway 9 yr 2005 (EYHS) | 604 | 19.2 | 2.7 | 604 | 105.9 | 7.7 | 604 | 1.66 | 0.35 | 604 | 0.77 | 0.33 | 604 | 1.49 | .71 | Norway 15 yr 2005 (EYHS) | 479 | 18.7 | 2.9 | 479 | 104.2 | 8.8 | 479 | 1.68 | 0.34 | 479 | 0.71 | 0.32 | 479 | 1.26 | 1.19 | Switzerland 8 yr (KISS) | 320 | 19.2 | 2.4 | 320 | 105.9 | 8.1 | 320 | 1.50 | 0.36 | 320 | 0.72 | 0.29 | 320 | 1.54 | .66 | Switzerland 12 yr (KISS) | 345 | 18.5 | 2.9 | 345 | 107.5 | 8.8 | 345 | 1.62 | 0.37 | 345 | 0.64 | 0.32 | 345 | 1.46 | .82 |
| Boys | Waist (cm) | Systolic BP (mmHg) | HDL (mmol/L) | Triglyceride (mmol/L) | HOMA | | Mean | SD | | Mean | SD | | Mean | SD | | Mean | SD | | Mean | SD |
| Denmark 9 yr (EYHS) | 459 | 18.9 | 2.5 | 459 | 106.6 | 7.86 | 459 | 1.55 | 0.37 | 459 | 0.78 | 0.34 | 459 | 1.79 | .94 | Denmark 15 yr (EYHS) | 391 | 18.4 | 2.7 | 391 | 109.4 | 10.99 | 391 | 1.41 | 0.28 | 391 | 0.79 | 0.48 | 391 | 1.83 | 1.64 | Portugal 9 yr (EYHS) | 538 | 20.1 | 3.3 | 538 | 99.0 | 8.59 | 538 | 1.55 | 0.32 | 538 | 0.74 | 0.35 | 538 | 1.33 | .58 | Portugal 15 yr (EYHS) | 358 | 18.5 | 3.1 | 358 | 102.3 | 10.63 | 358 | 1.40 | 0.27 | 358 | 0.60 | 0.31 | 358 | .91 | .93 | Estonia 9 yr (EYHS) | 278 | 18.3 | 1.9 | 278 | 105.2 | 10.59 | 278 | 1.44 | 0.32 | 278 | 0.75 | 0.31 | 278 | 1.59 | .68 | Estonia 15 yr (EYHS) | 260 | 17.9 | 2.6 | 260 | 109.8 | 11.97 | 260 | 1.39 | 0.27 | 260 | 0.65 | 0.32 | 260 | 1.80 | 1.58 | Norway 9 yr 2000 (EYHS) | 210 | 18.6 | 2.0 | 210 | 107.0 | 6.73 | 210 | 1.60 | 0.41 | 210 | 0.87 | 0.34 | · | · | · | Norway 15 yr 2000 (EYHS) | 167 | 17.9 | 2.4 | 167 | 111.0 | 9.95 | 167 | 1.31 | 0.31 | 167 | 1.02 | 0.58 | · | · | · | Denmark 6 yr (CoSCIS) | 373 | 19.6 | 1.7 | 373 | 105.9 | 7.79 | 373 | 1.36 | 0.26 | 373 | 0.71 | 0.22 | 373 | 1.55 | .65 | Denmark 9 yr (CoSCIS) | 368 | 19.0 | 2.5 | 368 | 108.6 | 8.73 | 368 | 1.54 | 0.32 | 368 | 0.60 | 0.26 | 368 | 1.53 | .76 | Denmark 13 yr (CoSCIS) | 259 | 18.1 | 2.6 | 259 | 109.4 | 9.10 | 259 | 1.46 | 0.28 | 259 | 0.74 | 0.38 | 259 | 1.80 | 1.20 | USA 6–10 yr (NHANES) | 620 | 20.8 | 3.7 | 620 | 105.3 | 9.36 | 620 | 1.33 | 0.30 | 620 | 1.04 | 0.49 | · | · | · | USA 10–14 yr (NHANES) | 775 | 22.2 | 5.7 | 775 | 104.9 | 9.77 | 775 | 1.40 | 0.33 | 775 | 1.02 | 0.54 | 775 | 2.92 | 2.18 | USA 14–18 yr (NHANES) | 988 | 21.6 | 6.2 | 988 | 101.5 | 9.49 | 988 | 1.55 | 0.34 | 988 | 0.81 | 0.52 | 988 | 2.00 | 3.42 | Norway 9 yr 2005 | 702 | 18.9 | 2.5 | 702 | 106.8 | 7.71 | 702 | 1.73 | 0.40 | 702 | 0.69 | 0.32 | 702 | 1.41 | .67 | Norway 15 yr 2005 | 514 | 18.4 | 3.4 | 514 | 110.1 | 8.95 | 514 | 1.51 | 0.30 | 514 | 0.73 | 0.48 | 514 | 1.26 | 1.29 | Switzerland 8 yr (KISS) | 337 | 19.2 | 2.6 | 337 | 106.5 | 9.06 | 337 | 1.51 | 0.33 | 337 | 0.75 | 0.28 | 337 | 1.67 | .75 | Switzerland 12 yr (KISS) | 390 | 18.5 | 2.6 | 390 | 105.4 | 8.69 | 390 | 1.61 | 0.35 | 390 | 0.68 | 0.30 | 390 | 1.58 | .95 |
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