Diabetes Complications at Presentation and One Year by Glycated Haemoglobin at Diagnosis in a Multiethnic and Diverse Socioeconomic Population: Results from the South London Diabetes Study

Table 1

Comparisons between participants diagnosed with HbA_1c < 48 mmol/mol and with HbA_1c ≥ 48 mmol/mol at diagnosis and recruitment.

	with data	HbA1c < 48 mmol/mol (6.5%)	HbA1c ≥ 48 mmol/mol (6.5%)	value
Demographical data
Age	1488	58.73 (±10.36)	54.87 (±11.07)	<0.0001
Gender (% male)	1488	188 (55.46)	632 (55.00)	0.8829
Ethnicity (%)	1488
White		218 (64.31)	528 (45.95)	<0.0001
Black		98 (28.91)	491 (42.73)
Asian		23 (6.78)	130 (11.31)
Median (IQR) HbA1c at diagnosis
HbA1c (mmol/mol)	1488	44.26 (42.08–45.35),	58.47 (51.91–82.52)	<0.0010
HbA1c (%)		6.20 (6.00–6.30)	7.50 (6.90–9.70)
Cardiovascular risk factors (SD) at diagnosis
LDL-C (mmol/L)	1211	2.86 (±0.98)	3.67 (±21.83)	0.5313
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1251	1.28 (±0.67)	1.24 (±0.44)	0.1750
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	1357	4.70 (±1.32)	4.90 (±1.50)	0.0053
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1273	1.40 (±0.85)	1.59 (±1.29)	0.0001
BMI (kg/m^2)	1380	30.77 (±7.74)	31.60 (8.40)	0.0035
BPS (mmHg)	1409	133.96 (±16.84)	134.65 (±16.28)	0.5087
BPD (mmHg)	1409	80.00 (±11.00)	82.00 (±12.00)	<0.0001
Complication status, HbA1c medication status at recruitment
Retinopathy (%)	1335	30 (9.43)	80 (7.86)	0.3749
Microalbuminuria (%)	1237	37 (12.76)	158 (16.68)	0.1279
Sensory neuropathy (%)	1368	32 (10.16)	70 (6.65)	0.0393
MI (%)	1482	24 (7.08)	55 (4.81)	0.1026
Stroke (%)	1479	8 (2.37)	40 (3.50)	0.3042
HbA1c (mmol/mol)	1395	42.08 (38.80–44.26)	50.82 (45.35–60.65)	<0.0001
HbA1c (%)		6.00 (5.70–6.20)	6.80 (6.30–7.40)
Receiving insulin (%)	1481	6 (1.78)	43 (3.76)	0.0743
Receiving oral diabetes agents (%)	1470	97 (29.1)	704 (61.9)	<0.0001