Beneficial Effects of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Gestational Diabetes: Consequences in Macrosomia and Adulthood Obesity

Table 3

Fatty acid composition of plasma membrane phospholipids of T lymphocytes purified from the spleen of mice fed on standard diet or omega-3-enriched diet, adapted from our previous study, Yessoufou et al., J Lipid Res., 2009 [91].

Fatty acids   (% of total)	Cells from mice fed standard diet	Cells from mice fed  omega-3 PUFA diet
C16:0	1.99 ± 0.31	2.16 ± 0.39
C16:1	27.01 ± 0.37	27.37 ± 0.20
C18:0	18.79 ± 0.25	18.31 ± 0.67
C18:1	13.15 ± 0.56	12.78 ± 0.75
C18:2n-6	11.12 ± 0.75	10.19 ± 0.11
C20:4n-6 (AA)	25.67 ± 0.98	13.12 ± 0.28^*
C20:5n-3 (EPA)	0.41 ± 0.05	6.09 ± 0.15^*
C22:6n-3 (DHA)	1.77 ± 0.06	9.99 ± 0.41^*

Cells were purified from the spleen of mice fed the standard diet or omega-3-diet for 6 weeks. Values are mean ± SEM, = 10 mice per group of diet. ^* < 0.01: significant differences between omega-3-diet group and standard diet group. The lipids from cells were extracted according to the method described in the following reference: Yessoufou et al., J Lipid Res., 2009 [91]. Phospholipids were separated from silica gel by thin layer chromatography, using the following solvent: chloroform/methanol/acetic acid at 35 : 14 : 2.7 (v/v/v). After scraping off, the phospholipid fractions were transmethylated by BF3/methanol after saponification, and fatty acids were extracted and further analyzed by gas liquid chromatography. Analysis of fatty acid peaks was achieved with reference to the internal standard by using DELSI ENICA 21 integrator (Delsi Nermag, Rungis, France).