Optimal Hemoglobin A1c Levels for Screening of Diabetes and Prediabetes in the Japanese Population
Table 1
Demographic and metabolic characteristics of study participants.
Normal ()
Prediabetes ()
Diabetes ()
Age (years)
54.5 ± 7.7
57.2 ± 8.5
57.2 ± 7.6
<0.001
Age category (%)
<50
13.9
8.4
6.0
<0.001
50–59
63.8
57.4
61.6
≥60
22.3
34.3
31.4
BMI (kg/m2)
22.7 ± 3.0
24.1 ± 3.5
26.3 ± 3.7
<0.001
Waist (cm)
79.9 ± 8.4
84.5 ± 9.4
91.1 ± 9.5
<0.001
SBP (mmHg)
120.9 ± 16.0
127.2 ± 15.4
137.1 ± 16.4
<0.001
DBP (mmHg)
74.2 ± 11.7
77.5 ± 11.2
80.3 ± 11.6
<0.001
UA (mg/dL)
5.4 ± 1.3
5.9 ± 1.3
6.2 ± 1.4
<0.001
eGFR (mL/min./1.73 m2)
74.5 ± 11.9
74.2 ± 12.6
74.2 ± 16.3
0.948
Lipids
TC (mg/dL)
204.2 ± 31.5
204.3 ± 33.5
198.2 ± 34.2
0.248
TG (mg/dL)
109.0 (103.6–114.5)
129.3 (120.3–138.2)
148.3 (129.7–166.8)
<0.001
HDL-C (mg/dL)
60.1 ± 15.1
57.2 ± 13.5
52.9 ± 14.9
<0.001
LDL-C (mg/dL)
118.7 ± 27.3
119.5 ± 29.2
113.6 ± 28.8
0.197
Glucose levels (mg/dL)
Fasting
91.8 ± 5.7
105.2 ± 8.0
136.9 ± 31.0
<0.001
1h-PG
128.9 ± 36.0
166.1 ± 43.6
223.7 ± 49.2
<0.001
2h-PG
102.3 ± 18.4
131.9 ± 29.9
204.9 ± 50.1
<0.001
HbA1c (%)
5.4 ± 0.3
5.7 ± 0.6
6.7 ± 1.2
<0.001
BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure. UA: uric acid; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtrating ratio. TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; HDL-C: HDL-cholesterol; LDL-C: LDL-cholesterol. PG: postchallenge plasma glucose. Data are shown as the mean ± standard deviation and percentage (%). Data of TG are shown as median (interquartile range). values were calculated using the ANOVA.
