Incretin-Based Therapy for Prevention of Diabetic Vascular Complications

Figure 3

Schematic representation of potential protective factors, including incretin and biological targets of PKC activation that could prevent the progression to diabetic nephropathy. Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; RAS, renin angiotensin system; RBX, ruboxistaurin; PKC, protein kinase C; Ang II, angiotensin II; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; Erk, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; PKA, protein kinase A; PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1.