An Investigation into the Antiobesity Effects of Morinda citrifolia L. Leaf Extract in High Fat Diet Induced Obese Rats Using a 1H NMR Metabolomics Approach
Table 4
The body weight, % visceral fat, food intake, % fecal fat excretion, and plasma biochemistry of HFD induced obese rats after 9 weeks of treatment with MLE 60 at 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body and 30 mg Orlistat/kg body weight.
HFD
HFD + 250
HFD + 500
HFD + OR
ND
Body weight (g)
Initial (week 12)
559.20 ± 25.89
546.85 ± 83.20
544.29 ± 78.74
537.25 ± 93.83
379.33 ± 34.82
Final (week 21)
614.20 ± 131.58
605.57 ± 101.50
565.85 ± 87.47
553.13 ± 98.93
417.16 ± 32.99
Visceral fat (%)
6.62 ± 1.54
5.18 ± 0.40
4.87 ± 0.963
3.34 ± 0.99
1.70 ± 0.28
Food intake (g/rat/day)
20.00 ± 3.09
19.08 ± 2.29
19.38 ± 2.01
19.08 ± 0.86
20.17 ± 1.35
Fecal fat content (%)
Initial
6.18 ± 1.19
7.35 ± 1.14
6.31 ± 1.40
6.12 ± 1.52
7.64 ± 0.70
Final
7.23 ± 1.01
9.44 ± 1.07
12.64 ± 1.73
15.89 ± 1.62
8.99 ± 0.61
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
1.43 ± 0.08
1.04 ± 0.01
0.94 ± 0.02
0.92 ± 0.07
1.29 ± 0.13
HDL (mmol/L)
0.82 ± 0.06
0.57 ± 0.12
0.69 ± 0.07
0.56 ± 0.01
1.02 ± 0.09
LDL (mmol/L)
0.33 ± 0.07
0.22 ± 0.03
0.17 ± 0.03
0.20 ± 0.04
0.21 ± 0.05
Triglycerides (mmol/L)
0.93 ± 0.16
0.72 ± 0.12
0.50 ± 0.11
0.58 ± 0.01
0.42 ± 0.09
Leptin (pg/mL)
2119.50 ± 176.3
1563.30 ± 556.9
1050.00 ± 229.3
1263.30 ± 30.10
1125.00 ± 117.60
Insulin (μg/L)
1.83 ± 0.10
0.71 ± 0.01
0.37 ± 0.13
0.47 ± 0.22
0.31 ± 0.01
Ghrelin (ng/mL)
25.7 ± 3.71
54.57 ± 4.19
35.74 ± 1.68
37.63 ± 0.98
53.01 ± 1.95
Adiponectin (ng/mL)
8.61 ± 0.77
9.50 ± 0.23
9.25 ± 0.50
8.25 ± 0.44
9.87 ± 0.20
Glucose (mmol/L)
7.70 ± 0.78
6.85 ± 0.71
5.83 ± 0.53
4.98 ± 0.17
6.03 ± 0.17
Different small letters indicate significant difference () between different groups and different capital letters indicate significant difference among the same group at different time points, as shown by analysis of variance (ANOVA) using Minitab Version 14.
