Effectiveness of a Peer Support Programme versus Usual Care in Disease Management of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 regarding Improvement of Metabolic Control: A Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial
Table 3
Clinical outcomes at baseline and follow-up by study group.
Intervention
Control
Mean difference between groups (95% CI)
-value
Mean (SD) baseline
Mean (SD) follow-up
Mean (SD) baseline
Mean (SD) follow-up
Primary endpoint
HbA (%)
143
7.02 (1.25)
7.05 (1.10)
185
7.08 (1.25)
7.21 (1.31)
0.10 (−0.14 to 0.35)
0.41
Secondary endpoints
Laboratory results (mg/dL)
Creatinine
139
0.86 (0.23)
0.90 (0.25)
162
0.96 (0.33)
1.00 (0.64)
0.01 (−0.07 to 0.10)
0.77
Triglycerides
139
150.8 (86.4)
147.9 (81.1)
164
151.7 (94.3)
147.2 (83.7)
−1.5 (−20.2 to 17.2)
0.88
Cholesterol
139
189.5 (40.1)
187.1 (40.3)
164
190.5 (44.8)
184.4 (40.6)
−3.6 (−12.8 to 5.5)
0.43
HDL
139
54.9 (14.4)
57.1 (18.7)
163
54.8 (16.4)
55.0 (15.0)
−2.0 (−4.9 to 0.9)
0.17
LDL
136
106.3 (35.9)
100.3 (37.0)
161
106.7 (38.9)
99.1 (35.7)
−1.1 (−9.3 to 7.1)
0.79
Anthropometric measurements
BMI (kg/m2)
133
31.0 (5.3)
30.7 (5.3)
159
30.3 (4.8)
29.9 (4.9)
−0.1 (−0.6 to 0.3)
0.65
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
128
136.0 (15.7)
136.0 (15.7)
154
137.2 (17.9)
136.3 (15.8)
−1.0 (−5.2 to 3.2)
0.65
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
128
80.8 (9.1)
80.4 (8.5)
154
80.4 (10.0)
80.8 (8.6)
0.8 (−1.7 to 3.2)
0.52
UKPDS-Risk Engine: 10-year risk
CHD
76
15.0 (9.3)
16.9 (11.0)
85
15.3 (9.9)
17.1 (9.6)
0.0 (−1.9 to 1.9)
0.99
Fatal CHD
76
10.2 (7.5)
12.2 (9.3)
85
10.2 (8.6)
12.1 (8.4)
−0.1 (−1.6 to 1.3)
0.85
Stroke
76
8.9 (7.3)
11.3 (9.4)
85
9.1 (8.4)
11.2 (9.2)
−0.4 (−1.2 to 0.3)
0.27
Fatal stroke
76
1.3 (1.3)
1.8 (1.8)
85
1.4 (1.5)
1.6 (1.4)
−0.2 (−0.5 to −0.0)
0.047
Quality of life (EQ-5D)
Index
128
0.90 (0.16)
0.87 (0.20)
149
0.88 (0.19)
0.88 (0.19)
0.04 (−0.0 to 0.1)
0.051
VAS
117
75.1 (17.0)
72.8 (20.0)
130
70.9 (17.4)
73.7 (18.8)
5.2 (0.6 to 9.8)
0.03
Variation of due to missing values; BL = baseline; FU = follow-up. Mean difference between groups is calculated by subtracting mean pre-post-difference of the control group from mean pre-post-difference of the intervention group. Independent -test, unadjusted. 4CHD = coronary heart disease. VAS = visual analogue scale. The reduced is due to the fact that the UKPDS-risk engine can only be applied to patients in primary prevention.
