Calpain-Calcineurin-Nuclear Factor Signaling and the Development of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Valvular Heart Disease and Diabetes

Table 3

Laboratory assessments of patients.

	AF ()	SR ()
Blood measurements
Hb (g/L)	129.17 ± 11.84	131.61 ± 8.70	0.353
ALT (U/L)	27.24 ± 15.22	22.86 ± 8.41	0.127
Cr (mol/L)	87.37 ± 13.51	82.04 ± 19.64	0.182
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.47 ± 0.69	2.45 ± 0.57	0.887
FBG (mmol/L)	8.81 ± 1.28	8.52 ± 0.84	0.257
INR	1.44 ± 0.73	0.99 ± 0.10	<0.001
BNP (pg/mL)	139.07 ± 94.06	61.86 ± 39.15	<0.001
Ang I (ng/mL)	2.13 ± 0.73	1.65 ± 0.54	0.003
Ang II (pg/mL)	328.45 ± 145.16	217.46 ± 138.96	0.002
Aldosterone (ng/mL)	0.17 ± 0.03	0.17 ± 0.06	0.840
Echocardiography
LAD (cm)	5.61 ± 0.88	4.48 ± 1.21	<0.001
RAD (cm)	4.88 ± 0.46	4.47 ± 0.64	0.006
LVD (cm)	5.15 ± 0.82	5.17 ± 0.91	0.930
RVD (cm)	2.35 ± 0.46	2.32 ± 0.60	0.863
LVPW (cm)	0.85 ± 0.16	0.81 ± 0.20	0.382
IVS (cm)	0.85 ± 0.16	0.84 ± 0.19	0.840
LVEF (%)	51.08 ± 4.62	58.86 ± 4.16	<0.001

AF, atrial fibrillation; ALT, alanine transferase; Ang, angiotensin; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; Cr, creatinine; FBG, fast blood glucose; Hb, hemoglobin; INR, international normalized ratio; IVS, interventricular septum; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LAD, left atrial dimension; LVD, left ventricular dimension; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVPW, left ventricular posterior wall; RAD, right atrial dimension; RVD, right ventricular dimension; SR, sinus rhythm.