Uptake and Effects of the e-Vita Personal Health Record with Self-Management Support and Coaching, for Type 2 Diabetes Patients Treated in Primary Care

Table 1

Baseline characteristics.

	Total ()	CG ()	NCG ()	value
Sociodemographics
Gender				.239
Female	54 (40.9%)	37 (56.1%)	25 (37.9%)
Male	78 (59.1%)	29 (43.9%)	41 (62.1%)
Age	67.9 (10.4)	67.4 (10.5)	68.3 (10.4)	.602
<50	6	2	4
50–64	47	30	17
65–74	50	18	32
>75	29	16	13
Ethnicity^1				1.000
Caucasian	91	45	46
Non-Caucasian	1	1
Education^2				.866
No or school level qualifications	20 (15.2%)	10 (15.2%)	10 (15.2%)
Professional or vocational	46 (34.8%)	21 (31.8%)	25 (37.9%)
Bachelor’s degree or higher	43 (32.6%)	22 (33.3%)	21 (31.8%)
Employed	43 (32.6%)	18 (27.3%)	25 (36.9%)	.529
Medical outcomes
Diabetes duration	5.82 (±4.62)	5.77 (±4.35)	5.86 (±4.91)	.917
BMI	30.19 (±5.16)	30.72 (±5.06)	29.67 (±5.25)	.284
HbA1c (mmol/mol)	48.50 (±7.49)	48.49 (±7.31)	48.52 (±7.33)	.985
Treated with tablets^3	87 (65.9%)	44 (66.7%)	43 (65.2%)	.652
Treated with insulin^3	15 (11.4%)	10 (15.2%)	5 (7.6%)	.172
Treated with tablets and insulin^3	14 (10.6%)	9 (13.6%)	5 (7.6%)	.263
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	135.57 (±15.58)	136.65 (±16.62)	134.53 (±14.58)	.473
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	78.47 (±9.58)	78.07 (±9.48)	78.86 (±9.74)	.670
Cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.34 (±.84)	4.19 (±.83)	4.50 (±.82)	.045
Smoking^4	18 (13.6%)	9 (13.6%)	9 (13.6%)	.954
Outcome measures
Emotional wellbeing	70.83 (±14.84)	71.21 (±13.02)	70.47 (±16.46)	.798
Diabetes distress	2.15 (±2.41)	2.37 (±2.51)	1.96 (±2.32)	.385
General diet	5.59 (±1.83)	5.88 (±1.57)	5.30 (±2.02)	.102
Specific diet	4.44 (±.84)	4.46 (±.83)	4.42 (±.86)	.814
Exercise	3.91 (±1.76)	3.90 (±1.95)	3.92 (±1.58)	.964
Foot care	1.80 (±2.13)	1.93 (±2.11)	1.68 (±2.15)	.542

Note. CG: coaching group; NCG: noncoaching group; BMI: Body Mass Index; HbA1c: blood glucose control; ¹ missing data; ² missing data; ³ missing data; ⁴ missing data.