The Association between HbA1c and Cardiovascular Disease Markers in a Remote Indigenous Australian Community with and without Diagnosed Diabetes

Table 1

Characteristics of the total population over 15 years old of a remote Indigenous Australian community.

	Total population
(%)	1187
Age	33 (24–44)
Men, %	54
HbA1c, %	5.8 (5.5–6.1)
SBP, mmHg	118 (108–129)
Cholesterol, mmol/L	4.7 (4–5.3)
HDL chol, mmol/L	1.2 (1.1–1.5)
LDL chol, mmol/L	2.55 (2.0–3.1)
BMI, kg/m^2	22.7 (19.5–27.2)
Waist, cm	87 (77–97.5)
ACR, g/mol	2.58 (0.95–11.25)
Triglycerides, mmol/L	1.5 (1.0–2.4)
CRP, mg/L	6 (2–11)
eGFR, mL/min/1.73	108.9 (95.5–121.5)
Current smoker, %	72
Microalbuminuria, %	29
Macroalbuminuria, %	15
Hypertension, %	28
Dyslipidaemia, %	45
Number of clinic visits in the previous 12 months
High (>15)	17 (204)
Moderate (5–15)	39 (463)
Low (<5)	43 (513)
CVD history	5.2 (62)

Median (25th–75th percentiles) unless otherwise stated. SBP, systolic blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoproteins; LDL, low-density lipoproteins; BMI, body mass index; ACR, albumin/creatinine ratio; CRP, C-reactive protein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.
% ().
Geometric mean (95% CI).
ACR 3.4–33 g/mol.
ACR ≥ 34 g/mol.
Dyslipidaemia was defined by a previous diagnosis of high cholesterol, taking cholesterol management medication, or having total cholesterol ≥ 5.5 mmol/L or HDL < 1.0 mmol/L.
Hypertension was defined if the participant had a previous diagnosis of hypertension in their health records, was taking antihypertensive medication, or had elevated levels in the baseline examination (≥140 mmHg systolic, ≥90 mmHg diastolic).