Research Article

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Lower Limb Amputation: A Clinic-Based Case Control Study

Table 1

Basic study characteristics and prevalence of adverse outcomes amongst the diabetic foot ulcer cohort.

Characteristic Results

Age 63.43 years ± 14.07 years [CI 60.98–65.89]
Sex Males (n = 81; 62.8%); females (n = 48; 37.2%)
Ethnicity Indigenous (n = 23; 17.8%); non-Indigenous (n = 106; 82.2%)
Type of diabetes Type 1 (n = 22; 17.1%); type 2 (n = 107; 82.9%)
Type of ulcer Ischaemic (n = 57; 44.2%); nonischaemic (n = 72; 55.8%)

Clinical outcomeTotal study sampleIschaemic ulcer cohortNonischaemic ulcer cohort value, OR [CI]

Amputation (n = 44)—34.1%(n = 20)—35.1%(n = 24)—33.3%p = 0.84, 1.1 [0.52–2.25]
Minor amputation (n = 35)—27.13%(n = 15)—42.9%(n = 20)—57.1%p = 0.50, 0.9 [0.14–2.62]
Major amputation(n = 9)—6.98%(n = 5)—55.5%(n = 4)—44.4%p = 0.50, 1.5 [0.46–4.84]
Indigenous amputations(n = 13)—56.5%(n = 9)—69.2%(n = 4)—30.8%p = 0.94, 0.9 [0.17–5.07]
Ischaemic heart disease(n = 61)—47.3%(n = 31)—54.4%(n = 30)—41.7%p = 0.15, 1.7 [0.83–3.36]
Acute myocardial infarction (n = 27)—20.9%(n = 15)—26.3%(n = 12)—16.7%p = 0.18, 1.8 [0.76–4.20]
Cerebrovascular accidents (n = 19)—14.7%(n = 11)—19.3%(n = 8)—11.1%p = 0.19, 1.9 [0.71–5.13]
Chronic kidney disease(n = 52)—40.3%(n = 27)—47.4%(n = 25)—34.7%p = 0.20, 1.6 [0.78–3.23]
Dialysis (n = 7)—5.4%(n = 4)—7.0%(n = 3)—4.2%p = 0.48, 1.7 [0.37–8.09]
Peripheral vascular disease (n = 94)—72.9%(n = 44)—77.2%(n = 50)—69.4%p = 0.33, 1.5 [0.67–3.30]