Coenzyme Q10 Attenuates High Glucose-Induced Endothelial Progenitor Cell Dysfunction through AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways

Figure 2

Effects of CoQ10 on EPC viability, migration, senescence, and mitochondrial function under high glucose conditions. Cells were cultured with glucose (25 mM) for 3 days, followed by treatment with CoQ10 (5 μM, 10 μM, and 20 μM) for 24 hr. (a) EPC viability was analyzed by MTT assay. (b) A Boyden chamber assay was used with SDF-1 as chemoattractive factor for EPC migration. The migrated cells were stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate UEA-1 (lectin) (green) and counted under the fluorescence microscope. (c) EPC senescence was analyzed by senescence-associated acidic-β-galactosidase activity assay. (d) Cell mitochondrial function was measured by staining with rhodamine 123- (Rh123-) derived green fluorescence 5 mM for 20 min. Data are mean ± SE; ; versus control (5 mM glucose); versus high glucose (HG).

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