High Serum Adipocyte Fatty Acid Binding Protein Is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Table 1
Clinical variables of the 165 diabetic patients with or without metabolic syndrome.
Items
All participants ()
No metabolic syndrome ()
Metabolic syndrome ()
value
Age (years)
65.00 (57.00–70.00)
62.00 (56.25–67.00)
66.00 (57.50–71.00)
0.159
Height (cm)
161.75 ± 8.41
163.20 ± 7.86
161.08 ± 8.61
0.132
Body weight (kg)
70.69 ± 13.36
63.09 ± 8.88
74.19 ± 13.65
<0.001
Body mass index (kg/m2)
26.91 ± 3.94
23.62 ± 2.30
28.43 ± 3.60
<0.001
Body fat mass (%)
31.49 ± 7.55
23.36 ± 5.89
34.31 ± 6.50
<0.001
Waist circumference (cm)
90.69 ± 9.27
82.84 ± 7.16
94.30 ± 7.79
<0.001
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
142.470 ± 19.77
129.83 ± 14.75
148.28 ± 19.10
<0.001
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
82.77 ± 11.07
76.85 ± 9.02
80.50 ± 10.89
<0.001
Albumin (mg/dL)
4.28 ± 0.27
4.27 ± 0.20
4.29 ± 0.29
0.565
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
162.25 ± 30.69
161.962 ± 29.54
162.39 ± 31.33
0.934
Triglyceride (mg/dL)
115.00 (85.00–172.00)
92.50 (61.25–125.75)
127.00 (93.50–192.00)
<0.001
HDL-C (mg/dL)
46.69 ± 12.58
51.92 ± 14.47
44.28 ± 10.86
<0.001
LDL-C (mg/dL)
99.92 ± 26.58
97.40 ± 23.85
101.08 ± 27.77
0.411
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)
138.00 (121.00–175.00)
125.50 (116.250–157.75)
143.00 (126.00–179.50)
0.033
Glycated hemoglobin (%)
7.50 (6.60–9.00)
7.00 (6.25–8.10)
7.90 (6.70–9.30)
0.007
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)
16.00 (12.00–18.50)
15.00 (12.00–17.00)
16.00 (13.005–19.50)
0.020
Creatinine (mg/dL)
0.90 (0.70–1.00)
0.90 (0.70–1.00)
0.80 (0.70–1.00)
0.741
Glomerular filtration rate (mL/min)
87.23 ± 27.80
74.70 ± 21.15
65.96 ± 20.31
0.021
hs-CRP (mg/dL)
0.08 (0.05–0.25)
0.05 (0.05–0.11)
0.11 (0.05-0.34)
<0.001
Insulin (μIU/mL)
6.93 (3.62–14.64)
3.74 (2.10–6.10)
9.63 (5.27–17.68)
<0.001
HOMA-IR
2.47 (1.24–5.08)
1.26 (0.77–2.14)
3.55 (1.91–6.93)
<0.001
A-FABP (ng/mL)
28.49 ± 15.55
20.05 ± 9.91
32.37 ± 16.16
<0.001
Female (%)
73 (44.2)
14 (26.9)
59 (52.2)
0.002
Hypertension (%)
86 (52.1)
17 (32.7)
69 (61.1)
0.001
Smoking (%)
17 (10.3)
6 (11.5)
11 (9.7)
0.723
Values for continuous variables are given as means ± standard deviation and are tested by Student’s -test; variables not normally distributed are given as medians and interquartile range and are tested by Mann–Whitney test; values are presented as number (%) and analysis was done using the chi-square test. HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; A-FABP, adipocyte fatty acid binding protein. was considered statistically significant after Student’s -test or Mann–Whitney test.
