Mean Daily Dosage of Aspirin and the Risk of Incident Alzheimer’s Dementia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study in Taiwan
Table 1
Demographics of study subjects by aspirin using conditions between 1997 and 2008 in Taiwan.
Descriptor
Nonaspirin users among T2DM patients
Aspirin users among T2DM patients
value
10720
(%)
2876
(%)
Age group∖mean ± SD
<0.001
50–59
3507
32.7
618
21.5
<0.001
60–69
4469
41.7
1265
44.0
70–79
2182
20.4
810
28.2
≥80
562
5.2
183
6.4
Gender
Male
5194
48.5
1479
51.4
<0.005
Female
5526
51.5
1397
48.6
Stroke
385
3.6
435
15.1
<0.001
No stroke
10335
96.4
2441
84.9
<0.001
Haemorrhagic stroke
123
1.1
49
1.7
<0.018
Ischemic stroke
154
1.4
262
9.1
<0.001
Transient ischemic stroke
69
0.6
87
3.0
<0.001
Unclassified
93
0.9
113
3.9
<0.001
Antidiabetes drug type
Never use
7026
65.5
880
30.6
<0.001
Acarbose
357
3.3
292
10.2
<0.001
Metformin
2291
21.4
1308
45.5
<0.001
Thiazolidinedione (TZD)
196
1.8
141
4.9
<0.001
Sulfonylureas
2563
23.9
1481
51.5
<0.001
Meglitinide
246
2.3
193
6.7
<0.001
Insulin
101
0.9
111
3.9
<0.001
Statin type
Never use
9811
91.5
2193
76.3
<0.001
Atorvastatin
352
3.3
296
10.3
<0.001
Fluvastatin
104
1.0
93
3.2
<0.001
Lovastatin
209
1.9
98
3.4
<0.001
Pravastatin
108
1.0
67
2.3
<0.001
Rosuvastatin
102
1.0
114
4.0
<0.001
Simvastatin
172
1.6
133
4.6
<0.001
Hypertensive drug type
Never use
6418
59.9
509
17.7
<0.001
Alpha blocker
545
5.1
294
10.2
<0.001
ARB
1415
13.2
1116
38.8
<0.001
ACEI
1073
10.0
755
26.3
<0.001
Beta blocker
1649
15.4
1087
37.8
<0.001
CCB
2560
23.9
1567
54.5
<0.001
Diuretics
785
7.3
498
17.3
<0.001
CCI score ∖ mean ± SD
1.1 ± 1.3
1.6 ± 1.5
<0.001
CCI score of 0
4375
40.8
782
27.2
<0.001
CCI score of 1, 2
4813
44.9
1465
50.9
CCI score of 3, 4
1251
11.7
500
17.4
CCI score of ≥5
281
2.6
129
4.5
Chronic diseases
No chronic disease
4046
37.7
744
25.9
<0.001
Arthropathy
414
3.9
132
4.6
0.078
Cardiovascular
1480
13.8
750
26.1
<0.001
Gastrointestinal
1600
14.9
428
14.9
0.954
Hepatic
2358
22.0
873
30.4
<0.001
Neoplasm
313
2.9
97
3.4
0.208
Neurologic
46
0.4
22
0.8
0.024
Pulmonary
3820
35.6
1224
42.6
<0.001
Renal
1065
9.9
439
15.3
<0.001
Diagnosed T2DM patients who did not use aspirin before the end of follow-up date. The aspirin regular user is the patient who uses aspirin continuously at least over one year in the follow-up time that nearly 2 aspirin prescriptions cannot exceed 120 days. This group of diagnosed T2DM patients is aspirin regular user group. Wilcoxon rank sum test and Pearson’s Chi-square test. The case number is calculated before patient’s index date. The index date of patient who never uses aspirin before the end of follow-up date is the T2DM diagnosed date. The index date of patient who is aspirin regular user is the date of starting to take aspirin regularly. The case number is the regular use of the specific drugs before patient’s end date of observation. Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). The diagnoses recorded in the National Health Insurance Research Database before the index date are used to calculate CCI score. We exclude the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and stroke from CCI score calculation, because these two disease entities are considered separately. SD: standard deviation, T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus, ARB: angiotensin II receptor blockers, ACEI: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and CCB: calcium channel blocker.
