Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Levels Are Associated with Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Table 2
Comparison of clinical characteristics in type 2 diabetic patients with and without carotid plaque.
Variables
Plaque group ()
Nonplaque group ()
value
Sex (M/F)
118/60
78/58
0.126
Age (years)
56.5 ± 10.8
47.0 ± 11.3
0.000
BMI (kg/m2)
25.2 ± 3.4
25.5 ± 3.7
0.603
SBP (mmHg)
136.8 ± 18.3
132.9 ± 16.7
0.055
DBP (mmHg)
82.8 ± 9.9
84.6 ± 10.5
0.127
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
4.4 ± 1.1
4.3 ± 1.0
0.720
Triglyceride (mmol/L)
1.9 ± 1.5
2.0 ± 1.6
0.531
HDL-C (mmol/L)
1.1 ± 0.3
1.1 ± 0.3
0.451
LDL-C (mmol/L)
2.8 ± 0.9
2.6 ± 0.7
0.010
Uric acid (μmol/L)
273.7 ± 82.4
281.7 ± 88.3
0.344
25(OH)D3 (ng/mL)
13.4 ± 5.8
15.7 ± 8.0
0.004
Parathyroid hormone (pg/mL)
38.7 ± 23.1
37.7 ± 18.2
0.695
Osteocalcin (ng/mL)
13.1 ± 6.1
14.1 ± 4.7
0.199
FBG (mmol/L)
8.2 ± 3.2
8.0 ± 2.9
0.483
HbA1c (%)
10.1 ± 1.5
8.9 ± 1.3
0.000
Diabetes duration (months)
113.7 ± 85.5
68.2 ± 66.6
0.000
Calcium (mmol/L)
2.3 ± 0.1
2.3 ± 0.1
0.197
Carotid IMT (mm)
1.3 ± 0.3
0.9 ± 0.1
0.000
Smoking history [n (%)]
65 (36.5%)
37 (27.2%)
0.089
Family history of DM [n (%)]
84 (47.2%)
66 (48.5%)
0.821
Hypertension history [n (%)]
86 (48.3%)
43 (31.6%)
0.004
Differences were assessed by the independent sample t-test (for continuous variables) and by the chi-square test (for categorical variables). indicates that the comparisons of variables between the two groups were statistically significant, .
