Upregulation of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Induced Protein 8-Like 2 mRNA Is Negatively Correlated with Serum Concentrations of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin 6 in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Figure 3

The effects of glucose levels on TIPE2 expression and TNF-α and IL-6 release from differentiated THP-1 cells. The concentrations TNF-α and IL-6 in the culture supernatant from differentiated THP-1 cells were determined by ELISA, whereas TIPE2 expression was determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting. TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased in culture supernatant from differentiated THP-1 cells exposed for 24 h to 50 mmol/L glucose, not 35 mmol/L glucose. The osmotic control mannitol had no effect on TNF-α or IL-6 levels (a, b). Compared to the normal glucose (25 mmol/L), high glucose (50 mmol/L) obviously increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of TIPE2 (c, d). Representative results of three individual experiments were shown for the TIPE2 expression in THP-1. versus 25 mmol/L glucose (control) alone. The data are shown as mean ± SEM of 3 separate experiments.

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