Sulodexide Protects Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells from Oxidative Stress-Induced Injury via Upregulating Klotho Expression at an Early Stage of Diabetic Kidney Disease

Table 1

Effects of sulodexide on body weight, food intake, blood glucose, HbA1c, and plasma insulin in nondiabetic and diabetic rats in week 24.

Group	CON	SDX	DKD	DKD + 12SDX	DKD + 24SDX
Body weight (g)	588 ± 30	575 ± 33	229 ± 14^###	230 ± 14	225 ± 12
Food intake (g/day)	27.4 ± 1.8	26.9 ± 1.9	47.5 ± 3.2^###	46.2 ± 3.5	46.9 ± 2.9
Blood glucose (mg/dL)	109 ± 4.85	102 ± 4.77	483 ± 3.98^###	462 ± 6.14	479 ± 6.89
HbA1c (%)	4.41 ± 0.15	4.58 ± 0.19	12.89 ± 0.59^###	11.56 ± 0.92	12.76 ± 0.85
Insulin (ng/dL)	1.83 ± 0.13	1.79 ± 0.15	0.29 ± 0.06^###	0.35 ± 0.07	0.33 ± 0.06

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. ^### as compared with CON. CON = nondiabetic control; DKD = diabetic kidney disease control; 12SDX = treated with 10 mg/kg/day sulodexide from week 13 to 24; 24SDX = treated with 10 mg/kg/day sulodexide from week 0 to 24.