Research Article
Association between the Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Phenotype and Prediabetes in Chinese Adults Aged 40 Years and Older
Table 1
Characteristics of the participants in four phenotype groups (
).
| | Variables | NWNT | HTG | EW | HTGW | Total | value | | () | () | () | () | () |
| | Age (year) | 55.3 ± 7.9 | 55.2 ± 7.1 | 56.2 ± 7.8 | 56.4 ± 7.2 | 55.8 ± 7.7 | <0.001 | | Gender, (%) | | | | | | <0.001 | | Men | 1909 (37.5) | 672 (52.6) | 864 (21.3) | 656 (28.2) | 4101 (32.1) | | | Women | 3180 (62.5) | 605 (47.4) | 3197 (78.7) | 1674 (71.8) | 8656 (67.9) | | | Race, n (%) | | | | | | 0.644 | | Han | 4858 (95.5) | 1218 (95.4) | 3852 (94.9) | 2206 (94.7) | 12134 (95.1) | | | Others | 231 (4.5) | 59 (4.6) | 209 (5.1) | 124 (5.3) | 623 (4.9) | | | Educational status, (%) | | | | | | <0.001 | | Primary school or below | 209 (4.1) | 42 (3.3) | 366 (9.0) | 142 (6.1) | 759 (5.9) | | | Middle school | 1463 (28.7) | 378 (29.6) | 1381 (34.0) | 829 (35.6) | 4051 (31.8) | | | High school | 2436 (47.9) | 599 (46.9) | 1751 (43.1) | 1012 (43.5) | 5798 (45.5) | | | College or above | 981 (19.3) | 258 (20.2) | 563 (13.9) | 347 (14.9) | 2149 (16.8) | | | Current smokers, (%) | 933 (18.4) | 384 (30.1) | 443 (10.9) | 413 (17.8) | 2173 (17.0) | <0.001 | | Current drinker, (%) | 572 (11.3) | 223 (17.5) | 315 (7.8) | 210 (9.0) | 1320 (10.3) | <0.001 | | Physical activity, (%) | | | | | | 0.002 | | Low | 942 (18.5) | 248 (19.5) | 666 (16.4) | 454 (19.5) | 2310 (18.1) | | | Moderate | 3538 (69.5) | 888 (69.5) | 2930 (72.1) | 1647 (70.7) | 9003 (70.6) | | | High | 609 (12.0) | 141 (11.0) | 465 (11.5) | 229 (9.8) | 1444 (11.3) | | | Family history of diabetes, (%) | 935 (18.4) | 243 (19.0) | 738 (18.2) | 400 (17.2) | 2316 (18.2) | 0.301 | | BMI (kg/m2) | 23.2 ± 2.5 | 24.3 ± 2.3 | 27.3 ± 3.1 | 27.8 ± 2.9 | 25.4 ± 3.4 | <0.001 | | Overweight, (%) | 1797 (35.3) | 637 (49.9) | 2093 (51.5) | 1146 (49.2) | 5673 (44.5) | <0.001 | | Obesity, (%) | 103 (2.0) | 65 (5.1) | 1477 (36.4) | 1008 (43.3) | 2653 (20.8) | <0.001 | | WC (cm) | 76.3 ± 6.4 | 79.5 ± 5.9 | 88.2 ± 6.8 | 89.8 ± 6.8 | 82.9 ± 8.9 | <0.001 | | HC (cm) | 90.2 ± 5.1 | 91.1 ± 4.9 | 97.9 ± 6.3 | 98.4 ± 6.2 | 94.3 ± 6.9 | <0.001 | | WHR | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | <0.001 | | SBP (mmHg) | 126.8 ± 16.1 | 131.5 ± 15.7 | 131.5 ± 16.5 | 134.1 ± 16.2 | 130.0 ± 16.4 | <0.001 | | DBP (mmHg) | 73.6 ± 9.4 | 77.1 ± 9.7 | 76.1 ± 9.8 | 78.4 ± 9.3 | 75.6 ± 9.7 | <0.001 | | Hypertension, (%) | 851 (16.7) | 258 (20.2) | 1172 (28.9) | 762 (32.7) | 3043 (23.9) | <0.001 | | FPG (mmol/L) | 5.3 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 0.5 | <0.001 | | 2 h-PG (mmol/L) | 6.4 ± 1.5 | 6.9 ± 1.7 | 7.0 ± 1.6 | 7.3 ± 1.6 | 6.8 ± 1.7 | <0.001 | | HbA1c (%) | 5.7 ± 0.5 | 5.8 ± 0.5 | 5.8 ± 0.4 | 5.8 ± 0.5 | 5.8 ± 0.5 | <0.001 | | Prediabetes, (%) | 1089 (21.4) | 435 (34.1) | 1334 (32.8) | 982 (42.1) | 3840 (30.1) | <0.001 | | IFG, (%) | 203 (3.9) | 61 (4.8) | 162 (4.0) | 118 (5.1) | 544 (4.3) | | | IGT, (%) | 740 (14.5) | 278 (21.8) | 929 (22.9) | 661 (28.4) | 2608 (20.4) | | | IFG + IGT, (%) | 146 (2.9) | 96 (7.5) | 243 (5.9) | 203 (8.7) | 688 (5.4) | | | TC (mmol/L) | 5.1 ± 1.5 | 5.7 ± 1.8 | 5.2 ± 0.9 | 5.6 ± 1.0 | 5.3 ± 1.3 | <0.001 | | TG (mmol/L) | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 2.8 ± 1.7 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 2.7 ± 1.3 | 1.5 ± 1.1 | <0.001 | | HDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | <0.001 | | LDL-c (mmol/L) | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 3.4 ± 0.9 | 3.2 ± 0.7 | 3.5 ± 0.8 | 3.2 ± 0.8 | <0.001 |
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Values are expressed as the mean ± SD or (%). NWNT: normal waist-normal triglycerides; HTG: normal waist-elevated triglycerides; EW: enlarged waist-normal triglycerides; HTGW: hypertriglyceridemic waist; FHD: family history of diabetes; BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; HC: hip circumference; WHR: waist-hip ratio; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; FBG: fasting blood glucose; 2 h-PG: two-hour postloading plasma glucose blood glucose; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. compared with NWNT. |
