Prevalence of Diabetes and Relationship with Socioeconomic Status in the Thai Population: National Health Examination Survey, 2004–2014
Table 2
Age-standardized prevalence of diabetes and prevalence by area of residence and educational level in the Thai population aged ≥20 years in 2004, 2009, and 2014.
Men: % (95% CI)
Women: % (95% CI)
2004 ()
2009 ()
2014 ()
value
2004 ()
2009 ()
2014 ()
value
Number with diabetes
2186
895
896
2822
1177
1440
Overall prevalence
7.1 (6.6, 7.6)
6.8 (6.1, 7.6)
8.9 (8.3, 9.5)
<0.01
8.3 (7.9, 8.9)
8.7 (8.0, 9.5)
10.8 (10.2, 11.4)
<0.01
Age (y)
20–39
3.3 (2.7, 4.1)
2.2 (1.5, 3.1)
2.5 (1.7, 3.7)
0.16
3.0 (2.4, 3.7)
1.6 (1.0, 2.5)
3.8 (2.9, 5.1)
0.23
40–59
9.7 (8.8, 10.7)
7.5 (6.2, 8.9)
10.9 (9.6, 12.5)
0.06
10.9 (9.9, 11.9)
9.7 (8.4, 11.2)
11.3 (10.0, 12.7)
0.47
≥60
12.8 (12.0, 13.6)
13.8 (12.3, 15.5)
15.3 (13.8, 17.1)
<0.01
16.3 (15.5, 17.2)
17.6 (16.3, 19.0)
20.3 (18.6, 22.0)
<0.001
Area of residence
Urban
9.5 (8.9, 10.2)
9.3 (8.0, 10.7)
8.4 (7.9, 9.0)
0.88
9.1 (8.6, 9.7)
10.3 (9.3, 11.3)
10.1 (9.4, 10.8)
0.02
Rural
6.3 (5.7, 7.0)
5.7 (4.9, 6.7)
8.1 (7.2, 9.0)
<0.001
8.1 (7.5, 8.7)
8.0 (7.0, 9.1)
10.5 (9.7, 11.4)
<0.001
Educational level
≤Primary
7.6 (6.9, 8.3)
7.3 (6.3, 8.4)
8.8 (8.1, 9.4)
<0.001
9.4 (8.8, 10.1)
10.1 (9.1, 11.2)
11.1 (10.5, 11.7)
<0.001
Secondary
7.3 (6.4, 8.3)
7.0 (5.9, 8.4)
8.6 (7.8, 9.3)
0.27
6.8 (5.7, 8.2)
6.3 (5.1, 7.9)
7.4 (6.6, 8.2)
0.06
University
8.8 (7.3, 10.6)
6.1 (3.8, 9.4)
7.4 (6.5, 8.5)
0.86
5.6 (4.1, 7.6)
5.8 (3.4, 9.7)
5.3 (3.6, 7.7)
0.73
Comorbidity
Hypertension
45 (41.2, 49.1)
43.0 (36.8, 49.5)
46.4 (41.1, 51.8)
0.69
47.3 (43.7, 51.1)
48.3 (42.6, 54.1)
48.1 (43.6, 52.7)
0.10
BP controlled < 140/90 mmHg
9.7 (7.4, 12.6)
24.6 (16.8, 34.5)
33.6 (26.6, 41.5)
<0.01
16.5 (13.3, 29.3)
34.4 (27.0, 42.7)
45.3 (39.0, 51.6)
<0.01
High LDL-C ≥ 100 mg/dL
NA
70.5 (63.5, 76.7)
68.8 (63.4, 73.7)
0.67
NA
77.0 (71.7, 81.5)
71.3 (66.5, 75.7)
0.11
BMI ≥ 25–29.99 kg/m2
31.6 (28.2, 35.2)
34.6 (28.5, 41.2)
35.0 (30.1, 40.3)
0.51
35.5 (32.1, 39.1)
41.6 (36.0, 47.4)
38.1 (33.8, 42.6)
0.27
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2
12.1 (9.7, 14.9)
14.7 (10.5, 20.1)
13.5 (10.2, 17.5)
20.0 (17.1, 23.3)
21.4 (17.0, 26.6)
19.8 (16.5, 23.5)
CI: confidence interval; BP: blood pressure; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BMI: body mass index.
