Research Article
Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Effect of Disease and Psychosocial-Related Correlates on Health-Related Quality of Life
Table 2
Hierarchical regression analysis to evaluate patterns of health perception, mental health, and PAID on HRQOL.
| Characteristics | Health perception1 (β2) | Mental health1 (β2) | PAID3 (β2) | Men | Women | Men | Women | Men | Women |
| Age | −0.15 | −0.13 | −0.05 | −0.03 | 0.05 | 0.09 | Marital status | −0.08 | −0.05 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.07 | Education | 0.07Δ2 = 0.13 | 0.09 Δ2 = 0.11 | 0.09 Δ2 = 0.10 | 0.09 Δ2 = 0.010 | 0.10 Δ2 = 0.09 | 0.15 Δ2 = 0.12 | Occupation | 0.031 | 0.054 | −0.02 | −0.09 | 0.12 | 0.06 | Diabetes exposure | −0.02 | 0.18 | −0.12 | −0.19 | −0.09 | −0.08 | Glycemic control (HbA1c) | −0.04 | −0.011 | 0.07 | 0.11 | −0.21 | −0.35 | Comorbidities | −0.21 | −0.26 | −0.13 | −0.21 | −0.02 | 0.09 | Physical functioning | 0.38 Δ2 = 0.24 | 0.41 Δ2 = 0.35 | −0.12 Δ2 = 0.11 | −0.25 Δ2 = 0.23 | 0.24 Δ2 = 0.19 | 0.29 Δ2 = 0.25 | Self-care behaviors | | | | | | | Diet management | −0.09 Δ2 = 0.01 | −0.13 Δ2 = 0.09 | −0.03 Δ2 = 0.00 | −0.11 Δ2 = 0.09 | — | — | Self-monitoring blood glucose | 0.13 | 0.17 | 0.02 | −0.05 | — | — | Social support | | | | | | | Availability | −0.03 | −0.06 | −0.03 | −0.17 | −0.11 | −0.19 | Adequacy | 0.14 Δ2 = 0.10 | 0.19 Δ2 = 0.17 | −0.28 Δ2 = 0.25 | −0.31 Δ2 = 0.29 | 0.21 Δ2 = 0.20 | 0.29 Δ2 = 0.26 | Diabetes-related psychosocial factors | | | | | | | Self-efficacy | 0.24 | 0.39 | 0.16 | 0.24 | −0.19 | −0.31 | Diabetes social support | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.11 | 0.35 | −0.12 | −0.23 | DLC (others) | −0.09 | −0.13 | — | — | — | — | Severity | −0.03 Δ2 = 0.02 | −0.09 Δ2 = 0.10 | — | — | — | — | 2/2 adjusted | 0.56/0.54 | 0.68/0.67 | 0.41/0.39 | 0.57/0.55 | 0.44/0.41 | 0.61/0.63 |
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1Higher score indicates good health-related quality of life, 2Standardized coefficient, —Not entered in the stepwise procedure, 3Higher score indicates emotion distress. , , . |