The Iron-Klotho-VDR Axis Is a Major Determinant of Proximal Convoluted Tubule Injury in Haptoglobin 2-2 Genotype Diabetic Nephropathy Patients and Mice

Table 1

Study participants’ characteristics stratified by Hp phenotype.

	Hp 1-1	Hp 2-2
Mean age (years); Range	48.88 ± 15.90; 26–66	50.77 ± 13.55; 21–67
Male/female (n); M/F ratio	4/3; 1.33	25/10; 2.5
DM/nonDM (n); % DM	1/6; 14%	21/14; 60%
Mean GFR; Range	58.33 ± 21; 29–84	48.57 ± 24; 15–96
Mean systemic blood pressure	144/74 ± 20/13	141/72 ± 29/16