Vitamin D₃ Protects against Diabetic Retinopathy by Inhibiting High-Glucose-Induced Activation of the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway

Table 1

Thicknesses of the retinal layers and ganglion cell layer (GCL) and cell counts at month 6.

	Thickness (μm)
	Total retina	IPL	INL	ORL	GCL cell numbers (per 100 μm)
NC ()	243.1 ± 3.2	74.3 ± 2.0	39.2 ± 2.1	73 ± 3.5	13.0 ± 1.5
NC + VD ()	245.5 ± 4.1	79.6 ± 2.8	41.2 ± 2.7	76 ± 2.9	13.0 ± 2.1
DM ()	176.2 ± 3.7	54.9 ± 3.4	37.3 ± 3.2	65 ± 3.5	8.3 ± 0.8
DM + VD ()	229.8 ± 2.7^#	68.7 ± 3.2^#	38.2 ± 3.1^#	69 ± 3.0^#	11.3 ± 1.3^#

NC: normal control group; NC + VD: normal control group + vitamin D₃; DM: diabetes mellitus group; DM + VD: diabetes mellitus group + vitamin D₃; IPL: inner plexiform layer; INL: inner nuclear layer; ORL: outer retinal layers; GCL: ganglion cell layer. Data represent mean ± SD (). NC versus DM, ; ^#DM + VD versus DM, . Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation.