The Relationship between Diabetes-Related Complications and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Type 2 Diabetes

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of all participants.

Demographic and glycemic characteristics
Age (years)	52.6 (11.5)
Sex (female)	72 (55.0%)
BMI (kg/m^2)	28.8 (5.1)
Neck circumference (cm)	37.7 (3.9)
Diabetes duration (years)	10.3 (8.7)
HbA1c (%)	7.43 (6.68, 8.74)
Hypertension	92 (70.2%)
ACEI or ARB use	72 (55.0%)
Statin use	104 (79.4%)
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m^2)	94.5 (79.6, 104.6)
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	0.87 (0.37)
Diabetic complications
Diabetic nephropathy	48 (37.2%)
Diabetic retinopathy	25 (19.5%)
Neuropathy	30 (23.3%)
Coronary artery disease	7 (5.3%)
Any complications	71 (55.5%)
Sleep parameters
AHI	10.9 (5.2, 21.3)
ODI	6.6 (2.0, 14.0)
OSA diagnosis (AHI ≥ 5)	99 (75.6%)
AHI ≥ 15	53 (40.5%)

Data are presented as mean (SD), median (IQR), or number (%). ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; AHI: apnea hypopnea index; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; ODI: oxygen desaturation index.