Serum Irisin Levels, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Inflammation in Pediatric Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome
Table 3
Adhesion molecule profile in children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and healthy controls.
Concentration (pg/mL)
Healthy controls ()
Metabolic syndrome ()
Type 2 diabetes mellitus ()
value
sICAM-1
122.2 (49.7-230.0)b
653.7 (276.8-808.1)a,c
146.5 (93.5-337.4)b
<0.0001
sPSGL-1
3.3 (1.8-4.7)b
5.8 (4.0-8.9)a,c
3.5 (2.4-5.6)b
0.0021
sE-selectin
62.3 (28.1-115.4)b
177.0 (64.7-316.9)a
64.2 (53.7-114.6)
0.0238
sP-selectin
146.4 (48.1-575.2)
319.9 (131.4-648.0)c
107.9 (107.9-253.8)b
0.0180
sEpCAM
0.1 (0.1-0.2)b
0.4 (0.1-0.8)a,c
0.1 (0.1-0.3)b
0.0152
sICAM-2
42.5 (17.1-81.1)b
254.8 (137.8-300.1)a,c
59.3 (34.6-113.5)b
<0.0001
sALCAM
59.8 (26.6-102.8)b
256.0 (150.8-350.2)a,c
80.4 (45.0-134.1)b
<0.0001
sPECAM-1
61.7 (21.7-92.9)
96.0 (52.0-154.3)c
41.7 (15.7-64.7)b
0.0021
sCD44
110.1 (62.3-192.0)b
389.6 (290.2-421.7)a,c
145.1 (84.3-207.5)b
<0.0001
sVCAM-1
740.4 (426.9-1121.0)a
2887.0 (2305.0-4893.0)a,c
1201.0 (727.9-1682.0)b
<0.0001
sICAM-3
51.2 (26.7-70.5)b
133.2 (102.8-197.6)a,c
48.4 (30.9-92.2)b
<0.0001
sL-selectin
2634.0 (1203.0-3759.0)b
5818.0 (3590.0-9547.0)a,c
2472.0 (1664.0-518.0)b
0.0002
sNCAM
93.3 (69.1-171.1)b
397.2 (320.4-632.3)a,c
127.7 (64.3-201.7)b
<0.0001
Data are presented as median (interquartile range) for nonparametric data. aStatistical difference when compared vs. healthy controls group; bstatistical difference when compared vs. metabolic syndrome group; cstatistical difference when compared vs. type 2 diabetes mellitus group. ICAM: intercellular adhesion molecule; PSGL: P-selectin glycoprotein ligand; EpCAM: epithelial cell adhesion molecule; ALCAM: activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule; PECAM: platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule; VCAM: vascular cell adhesion molecule; NCAM: neural cell adhesion molecule. Statistical difference was established as value ≤ 0.05.
