Research Article

Longitudinal Associations between Obesity, Inflammation, and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among US Black and White Adults in the CARDIA Study

Table 2

Logistic regression models of the odds of incident type 2 diabetes at wave 8 (2010-2011), CARDIA study.

Model 1Model 2Model 3

RaceAdjusted odds ratio(95% CI)Adjusted odds ratio(95% CI)Adjusted odds ratio(95% CI)
 Black (vs. white)1.60 (1.05, 2.44)1.64 (1.06, 2.55)1.43 (0.91, 2.25)
High sex-specific waist circumference6.15 (4.14, 9.14)5.39 (3.46, 8.40)3.80 (2.41, 6.01)
Inflammation correlates
C-reactive protein (CRP, mg/L)
 3.00-9.991.83 (1.18, 2.82)
 ≥10.001.64 (0.81, 3.30)
High fibrinogen1.24 (0.81, 1.92)
High sex-specific uric acid2.57 (1.70, 3.89)
High sex-specific gamma-glutamyltransferase0.85 (0.49, 1.47)
Demographics
 Age in years1.04 (0.99, 1.09)1.04 (0.99, 1.09)1.03 (0.98, 1.08)
 Sex (male)1.39 (0.95, 2.02)1.23 (0.83, 1.82)1.47 (0.97, 2.23)
 Never married1.15 (0.70, 1.90)1.18 (0.71, 1.96)1.16 (0.69, 1.93)
 Divorced/widow/separated1.06 (0.63, 1.80)1.05 (0.62, 1.78)1.04 (0.59, 1.81)
 Living in a marriage-like relationship0.55 (0.22, 1.36)0.52 (0.20, 1.32)0.53 (0.20, 1.43)
 Other marital status1.07 (0.50, 2.29)1.09 (0.50, 2.34)1.20 (0.54, 2.67)
 Unemployed1.03 (0.59, 1.78)1.00 (0.57, 1.75)1.03 (0.58, 1.83)
0.62 (0.36, 1.08)0.60 (0.35, 1.06)0.60 (0.34, 1.06)
 Years of education0.94 (0.85, 1.04)0.95 (0.86, 1.05)0.95 (0.86, 1.05)
 Immediate family members known to have DM1.33 (1.16, 1.52)1.37 (1.19, 1.57)1.35 (1.17, 1.55)
Behavioral factors
 Smoking status
  Former1.33 (0.84, 2.10)1.37 (0.86, 2.19)1.48 (0.92, 2.38)
  Current1.44 (0.90, 2.30)1.36 (0.85, 2.20)1.39 (0.85, 2.27)
 Binge drinker0.64 (0.38, 1.07)0.63 (0.37, 1.05)0.60 (0.35, 1.04)
Metabolic risk factors
 High triglycerides2.03 (1.14, 3.62)1.99 (1.08, 3.67)
 Low sex-specific HDL cholesterol1.00 (0.68, 1.49)0.90 (0.60,1.34)
 High total cholesterol1.10 (0.76, 1.61)1.06 (0.72, 1.55)
 High blood pressure1.93 (1.21, 3.07)1.90 (1.17, 3.11)

; ; .