The Association between Diabetes-Related Distress and Medication Adherence in Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study
Table 2
Association between background and clinical characteristics and high distress in patients with T2DM receiving treatment at Pantang Hospital.
High distress
Chi-square
value
Adjusted logistic regression model
No, (%)
Yes, (%)
Odds ratio
value
Sex
0.01
0.939
0.485
Female
75 (55.15)
61 (44.85)
ref
Male
29 (55.77)
23 (44.23)
0.78 (0.38–1.57)
Age
2.23
0.327
0.943
≤50
20 (48.78)
21 (51.22)
ref
51-60
32 (51.61)
30 (48.39)
0.98 (0.42–2.33)
61±
52 (61.18)
33 (38.82)
0.89 (0.38–2.05)
Glucose level: median (LQ, UQ)
7.3 (6.2, 10)
9.2 (6.7, 12.5)
0.006§
1.12 (1.04–1.21)
<0.001
Number of medications
4.75
0.191
0.138
One
18 (58.06)
13 (41.94)
ref
Two
31 (44.93)
38 (55.07)
2.35 (0.92–6.03)
Three
34 (62.96)
20 (37.04)
1.06 (0.38–2.92)
Four or more
20 (60.61)
13 (39.39)
1.38 (0.44–4.30)
Comorbidity
3.87
0.049
0.130
No
36 (46.75)
41 (53.25)
ref
Yes
68 (61.26)
43 (38.74)
0.58 (0.29–1.16)
%: row percentages; : number of observations; ,, and ; CI: confidence interval; ref: reference category; LQ: lower quartile; UQ: upper quartile, §: value obtained from a Wilcoxon rank sum test.
