Association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in China
Table 3
Subgroup analysis of the association between H. pylori infection and diabetes†.
Subgroup
n
H. pylori negative
H. pylori positive
OR (95% CI)
value
All
13,397
9,622 (71.8)
3,775 (28.2)
1.02 (0.88-1.18)
0.81
Age (years)
<60
11,941
482 (5.63)
226 (6.70)
1.00 (0.84-1.20)
0.97
≥60
1,456
271 (25.7)
109 (27.1)
1.01 (0.76-1.34)
0.93
Sex
Male
7,419
538 (10.4)
245 (10.9)
1.00 (0.84-1.20)
0.97
Female
5,978
215 (4.83)
90 (5.91)
1.09 (1.08-1.09)
<0.001
Family history of diabetes
Yes
2,428
224 (12.5)
94 (14.7)
1.03 (0.76-1.39)
0.80
No
10,969
529 (6.75)
241 (7.69)
1.02 (0.86-1.22)
0.87
Hypertension
Yes
2291
339 (21.6)
166 (23.1)
1.16 (0.92-1.46)
0.52
No
11,106
414 (5.14)
169 (5.53)
0.94 (0.77-1.14)
0.21
Smoking status
Never smoker
10,223
457 (6.11)
189 (6.90)
1.03 (0.84-1.25)
0.80
Former smoker
661
68 (15.7)
27 (15.2)
1.02 (0.59-1.74)
0.96
Current smoker
2,563
228 (13.4)
119 (13.9)
1.03 (0.79-1.35)
0.81
Level of education
≤12 years
738
99 (21.6)
57 (20.4)
0.88 (0.58-1.33)
0.54
>12 years
7,780
374 (6.55)
149 (7.20)
1.05 (0.85-1.31)
0.64
Missing
4,879
280 (8.11)
129 (9.05)
1.00 (0.78-1.27)
0.97
BMI (kg/m2)
<24
6,926
215 (4.14)
75 (4.34)
1.10 (0.82-1.47)
0.54
≥24
6,471
538 (12.2)
260 (12.7)
1.00 (0.84-1.18)
0.96
TG (mmol/L)
<1.7
10,040
418 (5.70)
156 (5.75)
0.91 (0.74-1.12)
0.40
≥1.7
3,357
335 (14.6)
179 (16.9)
1.16 (0.93-1.44)
0.18
HDL-C (mmol/L)
<1.0
1,822
182 (14.8)
80 (13.6)
0.86 (0.63-1.18)
0.35
≥1.0
11,575
571 (6.81)
255 (8.00)
1.08 (0.91-1.28)
0.38
LDL-C (mmol/L)
≤4.1
12,115
659 (7.55)
283 (8.36)
0.99 (0.84-1.16)
0.87
>4.1
1,282
94 (10.5)
52 (13.3)
1.16 (0.78-1.71)
0.47
†All the subgroup analyses were adjusted for age, sex, family history of diabetes, hypertension, smoking status, level of education, BMI, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C. BMI: body mass index; TG: triglyceride; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Data are (%).
