Total Bilirubin Predicts Severe Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy and the Possible Causal Mechanism

Table 3

Odds ratios for severe DR.

	Bilirubin (μmol/l)	value	LPS (Eu/ml)	value	Urobilinogen (mg/dl)	value
Unadjusted	0.894 (0.765–0.943)	<0.001	—	—	—	—
Model 1	0.967 (0.912–0.986)	0.016	—	—	—	—
Model 2	0.969 (0.934–1.023)	0.084	2.476 (1.632–3.091)	<0.001	—	—
Model 3	0.992 (0.960–1.104)	0.136	—	—	1.734 (1.234–2.430)	0.009
Model 4	1.013 (0.893–1.347)	0.422	1.985 (1.346–2.808)	0.016	1.702 (1.141–2.336)	0.027

Model 1: adjusted for sex, age, diabetes duration, type of diabetes, FPG, and Hba1c; Model 2: Model 1+LPS; Model 3: Model 1+urobilinogen; Model 4: Model 1+LPS+urobilinogen.