Case-Control Study of Risk Factors and Self-Care Behaviors of Foot Ulceration in Diabetic Patients Attending Primary Healthcare Services in Palestine
Table 2
Basic characteristics of participants and comparison between DFU (diabetic patients with foot ulceration) and NFU (diabetic patients without foot ulceration) groups.
Variable
Total ()
NFU ()
DFU ()
value
Age (in years)
0.633
Gender
0.378
Male
206 (49.9)
107 (52.2)
99 (47.6)
Female
207 (50.1)
98 (47.8)
109 (52.4)
Region
<0.001
South
68 (16.5)
4 (2.0)
64 (30.8)
Center
61 (14.8)
0 (0)
61 (14.8)
North
284 (68.8)
201 (98.0)
83 (39.9)
Income, NIS
<0.001
Marital status
0.598
Single
39 (9.4)
20 (9.8)
19 (9.1)
Married
292 (70.7)
145 (70.7)
147 (70.7)
Divorced
22 (5.3)
8 (3.9)
14 (6.7)
Widow
60 (14.5)
32 (15.6)
28 (13.5)
Educational level
<0.001
Illiterate
68 (16.5)
19 (9.3)
49 (23.6)
Primary school
114 (27.6)
63 (30.7)
51 (24.5)
Secondary school
1113 (27.4)
71 (34.6)
42 (20.2)
University
118 (28.6)
52 (25.4)
66 (31.7)
Employment
0.014
Unemployed
218 (52.8)
121 (59.0)
97 (46.6)
Employed
195 (47.2)
84 (41.0)
111 (53.4)
Type of diabetes
0.478
Type 1
34 (8.2)
19 (9.3)
15 (7.2)
Type 2
379 (91.8)
186 (90.7)
193 (92.8)
Type of medication
0.024
Tablets
259 (62.7)
137 (66.8)
122 (58.7)
Insulin
141 (34.1)
59 (28.8)
82 (39.4)
Both
13 (3.1)
9 (4.4)
4 (1.9)
Amount of insulin
0.179
0 units
259 (62.7)
137 (52.9)
122 (58.7)
<20 units
12 (2.9)
3 (1.5)
9 (4.3)
20-40 units
66 (16)
31 (15.1)
35 (16.8)
>40 units
76 (18.4)
34 (16.6)
42 (20.2)
Fasting blood sugar
0.380
HbA1c
<0.001
≤7.0
87 (21.0)
77 (37.6)
10 (4.8)
>7.0
346 (79.0)
128 (62.4)
198 (95.2)
Duration of diabetes (in years)
0.002
BMI
0.687
These variables are described as ; all other variables are presented as (%) within each group. NIS = New Israeli Sheqel.
