Sex-Specific Association of Serum Uric Acid Level and Change in Hyperuricemia Status with Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Large Cohort Study in China
Table 2
Association between baseline serum uric acid and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Person-year
Incident diabetes
Incidence (per 1,000 person-years)
Model 1†
Model 2‡
Model 3§
Men
Q1
19,509
300
15.38
1.00
1.00
1.00
Q2
20,080
334
16.63
1.13 (0.97-1.32)
1.05 (0.87-1.27)
1.09 (0.90-1.31)
Q3
19,738
362
18.34
1.21 (1.04-1.41)
1.01 (0.84-1.22)
1.04 (0.87-1.26)
Q4
19,449
441
22.67
1.54 (1.33-1.78)
1.12 (0.93-1.35)
1.11 (0.92-1.34)
<0.001
0.249
0.371
Hyperuricemia
20,941
479
22.87
1.41 (1.27-1.58)
1.12 (0.98-1.29)
1.06 (0.92-1.22)
SUA (per 1-mg/dL)
78,776
1,678
21.30
1.14 (1.10-1.19)
1.04 (0.98-1.09)
1.04 (0.99-1.10)
Women
Q1
13,193
48
3.64
1.00
1.00
1.00
Q2
13,151
62
4.71
1.21 (0.83-1.76)
1.03 (0.65-1.65)
1.00 (0.62-1.61)
Q3
13,424
125
9.31
2.10 (1.50-2.94)
1.70 (1.12-2.58)
1.78 (1.17-2.71)
Q4
13,868
270
19.47
3.37 (2.46-4.62)
2.14 (1.43-3.22)
1.93 (1.27-2.93)
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
Hyperuricemia
3,906
120
30.72
2.40 (1.94-2.97)
1.82 (1.38-2.40)
1.35 (1.01-1.80)
SUA (per 1-mg/dL)
53,637
585
10.91
1.55 (1.44-1.68)
1.31 (1.17-1.45)
1.20 (1.08-1.34)
Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; SUA: serum uric acid; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; ALT: alanine aminotransferase. Data are hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)). †Model 1: adjusted for age at baseline. ‡Model 2: adjusted for age, BMI, WC, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, eGFR, ALT, and white blood cell count at baseline. §Model 3: adjusted for FPG level at baseline, plus all variables in model 2.
