Sex-Specific Association of Serum Uric Acid Level and Change in Hyperuricemia Status with Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Large Cohort Study in China

Table 3

Association between transformation of serum uric acid levels and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Hyperuricemia at baseline	Hyperuricemia at follow-up	No. of participants	Cases	Mean follow-up duration (months)	Model 1^†	Model 2^‡	Model 3^§
Men
No	No	13,210	838	44.12	1.00	1.00	1.00
Yes	No	1,913	187	44.54	1.62 (1.36-1.92)	1.1 (0.88-1.36)	1.07 (0.83-1.36)
No	Yes	2,296	120	48.43	0.97 (0.79-1.19)	0.75 (0.58-0.95)	0.85 (0.65-1.1)
Yes	Yes	3,787	292	43.86	1.37 (1.19-1.58)	0.82 (0.68-0.98)	0.88 (0.72-1.08)
Women
No	No	14,106	322	39.56	1.00	1.00	1.00
Yes	No	571	38	41.28	2.08 (1.43-2.96)	0.96 (0.56-1.57)	0.77 (0.43-1.32)
No	Yes	845	63	45.88	2.69 (2.00-3.58)	1.59 (1.07-2.31)	1.67 (1.09-2.49)
Yes	Yes	568	82	41.02	3.94 (2.97-5.19)	2.25 (1.56-3.19)	2.15 (1.44-3.16)

Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; SUA: serum uric acid; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ALT: alanine aminotransferase. Data are odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)). ^†Model 1: adjusted for age at baseline and follow-up. ^‡Model 2: adjusted for age, BMI, WC, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, eGFR, ALT, and white blood cell count at baseline and follow-up. ^§Model 3: adjusted for FPG level at baseline plus all variables in model 2.