Predictive Ability of Visit-to-Visit Variability of HbA1c Measurements for the Development of Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Longitudinal Observational Study

Table 1

Clinical characteristics of all subjects.

	All subjects ()
Male/female	477/222
Start of the observation
Age (years)
Duration of diabetes (years)
HbA1c (%)
BMI (kg/m^2)
SBP (mmHg)
DBP (mmHg)
HDL-C (mmol/l)
LDL-C (mmol/l)
Triglycerides (mmol/l)
3-year period following the start of observation
Mean HbA1c (%)
Number of HbA1c measurements (times)

Data are shown as the number or the . BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SD: standard deviation.