Flexural and Shear Behavior of FRP Strengthened AASHTO Type Concrete Bridge Girders

Table 4

Flexural strengthening results.

FEM outputs			ACI 440 predictions
Load levels	Control girder	Strengthened girder
Cracking load, kN	242	284	N/A
Yielding load, kN	778	818	N/A
Failure load, kN	1003	1387	1248
Deflection at cracking, mm	15.5	19.3	N/A
Deflection at flexural failure, mm	27.9	18.1	N/A
FRP strain at flexural failure	N/A	0.0095	0.0088
Maximum FRP stress, MPa	N/A	531	545