Additive Manufacturing: A Novel Method for Developing an Acoustic Panel Made of Natural Fiber-Reinforced Composites with Enhanced Mechanical and Acoustical Properties

Table 13

Natural fibers with various polymer matrices and their resulting enhancement in acoustical properties.

Fibers	Polymer matrix	Enhancement in properties	References
Kenaf	PLA	Acoustic absorption coefficient was recorded as 0.987 at the frequency of 1521.02 Hz for 30% fiber content.	[14]
Jute	PP	At 50% fiber content, the maximum acoustic absorption coefficient was 0.175 at the frequency of 1250.	[81]
Kapok	Polyester	Acoustic absorption coefficient was peaked to 0.83 at 2500 Hz for 90% fiber content.	[82]
Flax	Epoxy	Flax/epoxy composites show better acoustical absorption than glass/epoxy composites.	[128]
Banana	PP	Acoustic absorption coefficient was recorded as 0.13 at a frequency of 1250 Hz for 50% fiber content.	[81]
Bamboo	PP	For 50% fiber content, acoustic absorption coefficient was 0.2 at a frequency of 1250 Hz.	[81]
Tea leaf	PU	24% fiber content of tea fibers provides best acoustic absorption of 0.75 in midfrequency ranges.	[129]
Wood	Polyester	The peak acoustic absorption was 0.97 at a frequency of 4660 Hz at 3 : 1 fiber to matrix ratio.	[130]
Wood	PE	Maximum sound absorption was observed from 2000 Hz onwards.	[131]
Kenaf and rice straw	PP	Kenaf/PP composites show better acoustic absorption than rice/PP composites.	[132]
Kenaf, coir, ijuk, oil palm	Natural rubber	Acoustic absorption coefficient is peak for kenaf at 700 Hz–800 Hz, coir at 1000 Hz–1075 Hz, oil palm at 850 Hz–1200 Hz, and ijuk at 3200 Hz–3400 Hz.	[133]