Sustainable and Dynamic Competitiveness towards Technological Leadership of Industry 4.0: Implications for East African Community

Table 5

Industry 4.0 initiatives launched in Middle East and Africa.

S/N	Country	Industry 4.0 initiatives	Year	Funding	References
1	Israel	Israel 2028	2018	Public	[82, 133]
		Israel innovation report 2017	2015	Public	[82, 133]
		Startup Nation	2012	Public	[133, 134]
2	United Arab Emirates (UAE)	Smart Dubai 2021	2017	Public	[82]
		UAE AI Strategy 2031	2018	Public	[82]
		UAE’s National Agenda 2021	2016	Public	[135]
3	Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)	Saudi Vision 2030	2016	Public	[135, 136]
		KSA’s National Transformation Plan 2020	2016	Public	[135]
4	Qatar	Qatar National Vision 2030	2016	Public	[135]
		Qatar’s National Development Strategy 2017–2022	2017	Public	[135]
5	Kuwait	New Kuwait Vision 2035	2016	Public	[135]
6	South Africa (SA)	National E-strategy	2017	Public	[127]
		Intsimbi programme	2018	Public	[6]
7	Morocco	Digital Development Agency (L’Agence de Développement Digital) (ADD)	2017	Public	[137–139]
8	Rwanda	Centre for the Internet of things (IoT)	2017	Public-private	[6]