Electronically Tunable Quadrature Sinusoidal Oscillator with Equal Output Amplitudes during Frequency Tuning Process

<div>The measured phase difference of <svg height="11.927pt" id="M152" style="vertical-align:-3.291101pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 19.0552 11.927" width="19.0552pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M697 650H468L461 623L492 619C539 613 547 605 518 546C481 471 367 264 278 116H276C239 278 197 500 186 567C180 604 185 613 226 619L252 623L260 650H24L17 623C78 617 92 613 108 533L216 -11H247C365 200 515 462 560 529C616 612 624 615 689 623L697 650Z" id="g113-87"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="709" vert-adv-y="709" xpluscharwidth="9.217"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.332,3.132)"><path d="M750 359C750 550 603 667 427 667C199 667 24 499 24 287C24 100 166 -17 344 -17C573 -17 750 136 750 359ZM645 356C645 196 538 24 350 24C205 24 127 136 127 285C127 471 247 626 422 626C571 626 645 521 645 356Z" id="g50-80"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="774" vert-adv-y="774" xpluscharwidth="14.37537678"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,13.958,3.132)"><path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z" id="g50-50"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="487" vert-adv-y="487" xpluscharwidth="18.38968539"></glyph.data></g></svg> and <svg height="11.927pt" id="M153" style="vertical-align:-3.291101pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 19.0552 11.927" width="19.0552pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M697 650H468L461 623L492 619C539 613 547 605 518 546C481 471 367 264 278 116H276C239 278 197 500 186 567C180 604 185 613 226 619L252 623L260 650H24L17 623C78 617 92 613 108 533L216 -11H247C365 200 515 462 560 529C616 612 624 615 689 623L697 650Z" id="g113-87"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="709" vert-adv-y="709" xpluscharwidth="9.217"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.332,3.132)"><path d="M750 359C750 550 603 667 427 667C199 667 24 499 24 287C24 100 166 -17 344 -17C573 -17 750 136 750 359ZM645 356C645 196 538 24 350 24C205 24 127 136 127 285C127 471 247 626 422 626C571 626 645 521 645 356Z" id="g50-80"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="774" vert-adv-y="774" xpluscharwidth="14.37537678"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,13.958,3.132)"><path d="M414 144C384 79 371 75 317 75H135L276 221C367 316 408 376 408 465C408 570 327 635 237 635C179 635 131 609 100 575L42 494L67 471C94 510 138 565 205 565C277 565 321 517 321 435C321 348 258 270 195 195C146 137 88 81 33 26V0H411C423 44 433 88 446 135L414 144Z" id="g50-51"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="487" vert-adv-y="487" xpluscharwidth="18.38968539"></glyph.data></g></svg>.</div>

Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering

fig11

Figure 11

Figure 11: Electronically Tunable Quadrature Sinusoidal Oscillator with Equal Output Amplitudes during Frequency Tuning Process 