Natural Pigments from Plants Used as Sensitizers for TiO₂ Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Table 1

The cell output of DSSCs sensitized by four kinds of natural dyes: (a) teak, (b) tamarind, (c) eucalyptus, and (d) bottle brush under visible light (256 mW/cm²) illumination.

Natural extract	Peak wavelength 𝜆 (nm)	𝐽sc (mA/cm^2)	𝑉oc (mV)	IPCE (%)	𝑃max (mW/cm^2)	FF
Teak (Tectona grandis)	470, 662	0.29	460	37	0.105	79
Tamarind (Tamarindus indica)	410, 663	0.18	610	33	0.061	56
Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus)	472, 663	0.15	500	12	0.070	93
Bottle brush (Callistemon citrinus)	450	0.11	430	34	0.030	63