Urinary Bisphenol A and Hypertension in a Multiethnic Sample of US Adults

Table 3

Association between urinary bisphenol A (BPA) and hypertension, by stratification variables.

Stratification category	Sample size (cases)	Multivariable OR (95% CI)^*† comparing BPA tertile 3 versus Tertile 1	p-interaction
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic whites	748 (316)	1.42 (0.98–2.06)
Non-Hispanic blacks	244 (121)	1.91 (0.44–8.33)	0.507
Mexican Americans and others	388 (143)	1.50 (0.60–3.72)
Smoking status
Non-smokers	691 (265)	1.62 (1.01–2.59)	0.932
Smokers	689 (315)	1.39 (0.74–2.62)
BMI categories
Nonobese	923 (334)	1.37 (0.91–2.06)	0.729
Obese	457 (246)	1.84 (0.85–3.99)
Diabetes mellitus/Prediabetes
Absent	896 (282)	1.30 (0.87–1.95)	0.494
Present	484 (298)	1.91 (1.08–3.37)

*OR (95% CI): Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)
^†Adjusted for age (years), gender (male, female), race-ethnicity (non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, Mexican Americans, others), education categories (below high school, high school, above high school), smoking (never, former, current), alcohol intake (non-drinker, moderate drinker, heavy drinker), body mass index (normal, overweight, obese), diabetes (present, absent) and total cholesterol (mg/dL).