An Alternative Approach to Water Regulations for Public Health Protection at Bathing Beaches
Table 3
Criteria of development based on GI illness health risk values based on microbial targets measured at study site during the beaches epidemiologic study [34].
Sampling day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Microbe measure
Enterococci by MF (CFU/100 mL)
<2
15*
4*
15
13
99
109*
<2
3
29*
50
13
<2*
14
<2
F− coliphage (PFU/100 mL)
<0.3
1
*
17
*
<0.3
<0.3
<0.3
<0.3*
<0.3
<0.3
<0.3*
<0.3
0.3
0.3
*
<0.3
<0.3
Giardia (cysts/100 L)
1.1
<0.5*
<0.5*
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
2.1
*
<0.5
<0.5
2.3
*
<0.5
<0.5
1.5
*
<0.5
1
Excess illness (%)
GI
0.0
9.7*
4.8*
0.1
2.2
2.4
5.8*
0.2
0.5
4.2*
1.9
−0.1
4.1*
0.0
−4.9
Skin
10.3
3.0*
4.8*
−2.3
4.2
8.6
8.3*
7.7
2.8
15.6*
11.5
5.1
5.9*
0.0
−1.1
Respiratory
0.5
0.0*
5.1*
−4.7
0.0
0.0
5.9*
7.3
2.2
2.0*
2.0
0.0
−2.0*
0.0
0.0
Cumulative
10.8
12.7*
14.6*
−6.8
6.3
10.9
20.0*
15.1
5.6
21.8*
15.4
5.1
8.0*
0.0
−6.0
*Corresponds to days with highest gastrointestinal illness.
