Exposure Perception as a Key Indicator of Risk Perception and Acceptance of Sources of Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields

Table 2

Means and variance of affective and moral evaluation, subjective exposure perception, and risk perception of various exposure situations, on 5-point Likert scale from 1 = “very positive” to 5 = “very negative” for affective evaluation; from 1 = “not at all” to 5 = “yes absolutely” for moral evaluation; from 1 = “low” to 5 = “high” for exposure evaluation; and from 1 = “not dangerous” to 5 = “very dangerous” for risk perception.

Evaluation of various sources of EMF exposure		Mean	Variance
Mobile phone (MP) calls
Affective evaluation	1536	3.03	.862
Moral evaluation	1648	2.81	1.648
Subjective exposure perception	1643	3.34	1.472
Risk perception	1654	3.01	1.268
WLAN close position
Affective evaluation	1546	2.90	.836
Moral evaluation	1630	2.67	1.411
Subjective exposure perception	1639	2.90	1.359
Risk perception	1627	2.76	1.296
MP use by others
Affective evaluation	1547	3.05	.893
Moral evaluation	1659	2.59	1.383
Subjective exposure perception	1632	2.55	1.350
Risk perception	1640	2.44	1.231
Laptop use on the lap
Affective evaluation	1572	2.91	1.025
Moral evaluation	1655	2.69	1.535
Subjective exposure perception	1637	2.91	1.482
Risk perception	1642	2.81	1.448
Base stations
Affective evaluation	1629	3.59	1.423
Moral evaluation	1672	3.64	1.593
Subjective exposure perception	1657	3.86	1.389
Risk perception	1667	3.76	1.393