Socioeconomic and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Cancer Mortality, Incidence, and Survival in the United States, 1950–2014: Over Six Decades of Changing Patterns and Widening Inequalities

Table 3

Age-adjusted incidence rates per 100,000 population for all cancers combined and site-specific cancers by neighborhood (census tract) socioeconomic status (SES) index and race/ethnicity, 1988–1992, 11 SEER registries.

SES index	Male	Male	Male	Male	Male	Male	Female	Female	Female	Female	Female	Female
	All races	All races	White	White	Black	Black	All races	All races	White	White	Black	Black
	Rate	SE	Rate	SE	Rate	SE	Rate	SE	Rate	SE	Rate	SE
All cancers combined
1st quintile	585.07	2.54	555.65	3.18	732.34	5.40	377.44	1.72	384.31	2.26	401.44	3.20
2nd quintile	576.15	2.20	586.13	2.42	681.48	9.40	393.98	1.58	403.35	1.77	392.03	5.48
3rd quintile	595.77	2.19	607.17	2.36	714.31	13.13	409.05	1.53	417.93	1.67	404.77	7.44
4th quintile	594.28	2.21	602.34	2.32	659.73	16.70	417.06	1.54	424.35	1.63	418.02	9.95
5th quintile	588.38	2.22	595.95	2.33	650.70	20.04	431.28	1.58	438.21	1.67	414.62	12.58
RR (Q1/Q5)	0.99		0.93		1.13		0.88		0.88		0.97
	>0.05		0.05		<0.01		<0.01		<0.01		<0.05
Lung cancer
1st quintile	115.31	1.11	105.40	1.38	156.51	2.43	47.86	0.61	47.73	0.80	55.35	1.18
2nd quintile	101.20	0.92	101.05	1.00	137.38	4.13	45.19	0.53	46.58	0.60	48.98	1.92
3rd quintile	98.81	0.88	101.15	0.95	118.06	5.07	48.69	0.53	50.75	0.58	47.39	2.56
4th quintile	92.25	0.86	93.65	0.91	105.23	6.21	49.12	0.53	50.61	0.56	49.05	3.42
5th quintile	71.80	0.77	72.53	0.81	85.07	6.89	45.35	0.51	46.93	0.54	43.85	4.30
RR (Q1/Q5)	1.61		1.45		1.84		1.06		1.02		1.26
	<0.01		<0.01		<0.01		>0.05		>0.05		<0.01
Colorectal cancer
1st quintile	66.03	0.87	63.73	1.10	77.24	1.79	47.46	0.60	44.60	0.75	56.35	1.20
2nd quintile	72.64	0.79	74.28	0.87	72.75	3.10	50.68	0.55	50.69	0.60	59.11	2.20
3rd quintile	73.00	0.78	72.72	0.83	89.14	4.73	50.15	0.53	50.13	0.56	59.76	3.00
4th quintile	73.41	0.80	73.86	0.83	75.50	5.90	49.76	0.53	49.62	0.55	63.53	4.07
5th quintile	70.84	0.80	71.03	0.83	64.51	6.37	49.35	0.54	49.03	0.57	60.84	5.05
RR (Q1/Q5)	0.93		0.90		1.20		0.96		0.91		0.93
	>0.05		>0.05		>0.05		>0.05		>0.05		<0.01
Stomach cancer
1st quintile	20.98	0.49	18.23	0.58	24.91	1.01	9.73	0.27	8.57	0.33	10.37	0.52
2nd quintile	13.95	0.35	12.33	0.36	21.03	1.70	6.45	0.20	5.46	0.20	9.68	0.90
3rd quintile	14.35	0.35	13.01	0.35	21.68	2.36	6.28	0.19	5.48	0.18	10.74	1.34
4th quintile	13.60	0.35	12.68	0.35	16.25	2.76	6.10	0.18	5.48	0.18	10.99	1.71
5th quintile	12.94	0.34	11.64	0.34	20.27	3.65	5.75	0.19	4.98	0.18	9.64	2.11
RR (Q1/Q5)	1.62		1.57		1.23		1.69		1.72		1.08
	<0.05		<0.05		>0.05		<0.05		<0.05		>0.05
Liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer
1st quintile	10.39	0.33	7.78	0.38	9.52	0.59	3.37	0.16	2.66	0.19	3.33	0.29
2nd quintile	6.35	0.23	4.96	0.22	8.98	1.03	2.45	0.12	2.16	0.13	2.98	0.51
3rd quintile	5.73	0.21	4.78	0.21	7.22	1.24	2.30	0.11	1.83	0.11	2.45	0.58
4th quintile	5.07	0.20	4.43	0.20	6.21	1.39	1.96	0.10	1.74	0.10	3.94	1.02
5th quintile	5.02	0.20	3.98	0.19	8.18	2.37	2.04	0.11	1.75	0.11	0.84	0.63
RR (Q1/Q5)	2.07		1.95		1.16		1.65		1.52		3.96
	<0.01		<0.01		>0.05		<0.01		<0.01		>0.05
Esophageal cancer
1st quintile	11.54	0.35	7.51	0.37	22.04	0.90	3.47	0.17	2.21	0.17	6.44	0.41
2nd quintile	7.17	0.25	6.72	0.26	13.25	1.25	1.82	0.11	1.71	0.11	3.17	0.48
3rd quintile	6.94	0.23	6.68	0.25	11.99	1.61	2.04	0.11	2.05	0.11	3.71	0.74
4th quintile	6.68	0.23	6.72	0.24	8.93	1.70	2.01	0.11	2.03	0.11	2.50	0.71
5th quintile	5.49	0.21	5.39	0.22	8.50	2.20	2.13	0.11	2.21	0.12	4.06	1.41
RR (Q1/Q5)	2.10		1.39		2.59		1.63		1.00		1.59
	<0.01		<0.01		<0.01		>0.05		>0.05		>0.05
Breast cancer (female)							Cervical cancer
1st quintile	101.38	0.90	103.29	1.20	110.96	1.70	19.71	0.40	21.47	0.55	18.51	0.68
2nd quintile	119.20	0.89	122.64	1.00	116.61	2.92	12.13	0.29	12.07	0.32	13.34	0.98
3rd quintile	127.43	0.87	130.31	0.95	123.28	3.95	10.50	0.25	9.91	0.27	14.62	1.31
4th quintile	134.09	0.88	137.23	0.94	124.95	5.20	8.55	0.22	8.31	0.23	11.53	1.47
5th quintile	148.53	0.92	152.04	0.98	134.45	6.69	7.41	0.20	7.00	0.21	14.22	2.09
RR (Q1/Q5)	0.68		0.68		0.83		2.66		3.07		1.30
	<0.01		<0.01		<0.01		<0.01		<0.01		>0.05
Prostate cancer
1st quintile	154.11	1.34	133.67	1.61	229.51	3.12
2nd quintile	164.11	1.19	164.57	1.29	240.49	5.86
3rd quintile	178.61	1.22	181.46	1.31	261.93	8.41
4th quintile	179.84	1.24	181.05	1.29	254.85	10.87
5th quintile	195.63	1.32	197.32	1.37	280.15	13.76
RR (Q1/Q5)	0.79		0.68		0.82
	<0.01		<0.01		<0.01

Incidence rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. RR = rate ratio (SES quintile 1/SES quintile 5). .
Quintile 1 represents low SES and high deprivation level, whereas quintile 5 denotes high SES and low deprivation level.
The 11 SEER registries include the states of Connecticut, Hawaii, Iowa, New Mexico, and Utah; and the metropolitan areas of Atlanta, Detroit, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Oakland, San Jose and Monterey, and Seattle.