Prevalence of HCV Infection in Household Contacts of Chronic Liver Diseases Cases in Egypt
Table 2
Comparison between household contacts to HCV-positive cases and household contacts to HCV-negative cases.
Variable
Household contacts to HCV-positive/UD cases (number = 124)
Household contacts to HCV-negative (number = 16)
OR (95% CI)
Variable
Household contacts to HCV-positive/UD cases (number = 124)
Household contacts to HCV-negative (number = 16)
OR (95% CI)
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Sex
Females
51
41.13
6
37.5
0.86 (0.24–2.81)
Condom use
No
122
98.39
16
100.0
—
Males
73
58.87
10
62.50
Yes
2
1.61
0
0.0
Age (years)
Mean ± SD (range)
32.89 ± 16.74 (3–75)
36.25 ± 17.07 (12–62)
Shaving at community barber (males only)
No
51
41.13
8
50.0
1.43 (0.43–4.68)
Occupation
Housewife
36
29.03
3
18.75
1.00
Yes
73
58.87
8
50.0
Specialist
38
30.65
7
43.75
0.45 (0.07–2.19)
Circumcision
By medical personnel
22
17.74
5
31.25
1.00
Medical/paramedical
4
3.23
1
6.25
0.33 (0.02–21.82)
By nonmedical personnel
79
63.71
10
62.50
1.79 (0.43–6.49)
Student
38
30.65
5
31.25
1.4 (0.34–6.09)
No
23
18.55
1
6.25
5.23 (0.51–257.73)
Worker
8
6.45
0
0.0
—
Educational level
Illiterate/read and write
83
66.94
13
81.25
1.00
Nail trimming
Private tool
98
79.03
15
93.75
3.98 (0.56–173.85)
Basic/secondary education
30
24.19
1
6.25
4.70 (0.65–206.20)
High education
11
8.87
2
12.50
0.86 (0.16–8.88)
Common tools
26
20.97
1
6.25
Marital status
Unmarried
45
36.29
5
31.25
0.80 (0.20–2.69)
Smoking shisha
No
119
95.97
15
93.75
0.63 (0.06–31.77)
Married
79
63.71
11
68.75
Yes
5
4.03
1
6.25
Residence
Urban
103
83.06
15
93.75
3.06 (0.42–134.77)
Sharing razors
No
52
41.94
8
50.0
1.38 (0.42–4.53)
Rural
21
16.94
1
6.25
Yes
72
58.06
8
50.0
Relation to cases
Partners
9
7.26
0
0.0
1.00
Exposed to used syringe
No
45
36.29
1
6.25
0.12 (0.003–0.82)
Parents
30
24.19
7
43.75
0 (0–2.03)
Yes
79
63.71
15
93.75
Sons
66
53.23
6
37.50
0 (0–5.17)
Exposed to used toothbrush
No
106
85.48
16
100.0
—
Siblings
10
8.06
3
18.75
0 (0–1.71)
Yes
18
14.52
0
0.0
Others
9
7.26
0
0.0
—
Practice of tattooing
No
108
87.10
14
87.50
1.04 (0.20–10.24)
Crowding index (person/room)
Mean ± SD (range)
1.15 ± 0.7 (0.28–3)
1.1 ± 0.5 (0.6–1.67)
Yes
16
12.90
2
12.50
History of blood transfusion
No
111
89.52
16
100.0
—
Exposed to blood
No
102
82.26
12
75.00
0.65 (0.17–3.02 A)
Yes
13
10.48
0
0.0
Yes
22
17.74
4
25.00
Prior surgical procedures
No
15
12.10
1
6.25
0.48 (0.01–3.64)
History of Bilharziasis
No
118
95.16
10
62.50
0.08 (0.02–0.39)
Yes
109
87.90
15
93.75
Yes
6
4.84
6
37.50
Prior hospitalization
No
86
69.35
12
75.00
1.32 (0.37–5.99)
History of injection treatment for Bilharziasis
No
117
94.35
15
93.75
0.90 (0.10–43.10)
Yes
38
30.65
4
25.00
Yes
7
5.65
1
6.25
UD: undetermined; below detection level in patients who were under treatment for HCV; aStudent t-test; : probability; OR (95% CI): odds ratio (95% confidence interval); ;.
