Research Article

Prevalence of HCV Infection in Household Contacts of Chronic Liver Diseases Cases in Egypt

Table 3

Comparison between HCV-positive and HCV-negative household contacts.

VariableHCV-positive/UD (number = 28)HCV-negative (number = 112)OR (95% CI)VariableHCV-positive/UD (number = 28)HCV-negative (number = 112)OR (95% CI)
Number%Number%Number%Number%

SexFemales1450.06961.611.60 (0.64–4.01)Condom useNo28100.011098.210 (0–7.84)
Males1450.04338.39Yes00.021.79
Age (years)Mean ± SD (range)47.96 ± 13.87 (16–75)29.58 ± 15.36 (3–65)Shaving at community barber (males only)No725.005246.432.6 (0.96–7.79)
OccupationHouse wife725.03228.571.00Yes2175.06053.57
Specialist1657.142925.892.52 (0.83–8.25)CircumcisionBy medical personnel414.292320.541.00
Medical/paramedical13.5743.571.14 (0.02–14.19)By nonmedical personnel2278.576759.821.89 (0.55–8.29)
Student13.574237.50.11 (0.002–0.94)No27.142219.640.52 (0.04–4.13)
Worker310.7154.462.74 (0.34–18.08)
Educational levelIlliterate/read and write1967.867768.751.00Nail trimmingPrivate tool414.292219.641.47 (0.44–6.39)
Basic/secondary education621.432522.320.97 (0.28–2.91)Common tools2485.719080.36
High education310.71108.931.21 (0.19–5.36)
Marital statusUnmarried414.294641.074.18 (1.30–17.54)Smoking shishaNo2796.4310795.540.79 (0.02–7.53)
Married2485.716658.93Yes13.5754.46
ResidenceUrban2278.579685.711.64 (0.47–5.05)Sharing razorsNo932.145145.541.76 (0.69–4.82)
Rural621.431614.29Yes1967.866154.46
Relation to casesPartners932.142825.001.00Exposed to used syringeNo828.573833.931.28 (0.48–3.69)
Parents621.4332.686.22 (1.02–44.40)Yes2071.437466.07
Sons310.716961.610.13 (0.02–0.60)Exposed to used toothbrushNo2692.869685.710.46 (0.05–2.18)
Siblings932.1443.577.00 (1.45–37.43)Yes27.141614.29
Others13.5787.140.39 (0.01–3.72)Practice of tattooingNo2796.439988.390.28 (0.01–2.05)
Crowding index (person/room)Mean ± SD (range)1.9 ± 0.6 (0.3–3)1.67± 0.5 (0.3–3)Yes13.571311.61
History of blood transfusionNo2175.010694.645.89 (1.50–23.18)Exposed to bloodNo1967.869786.613.06 (1.01–8.75)
Yes725.065.36Yes932.141513.39
Prior surgical proceduresNo310.711311.611.09 (0.27–6.43)History of BilharziasisNo2278.5710694.644.82 (1.15–19.63)
Yes2589.299988.39Yes621.4365.36
Prior hospitalizationNo1657.148273.212.05 (0.78–5.23)History of injection treatment for BilharziasisNo2589.2910795.542.57 (0.37–14.11)
Yes1242.863026.79Yes310.7154.46

UD: undetermined; below detection level in patients who were under treatment for HCV; aStudent t-test; : probability; OR (95% CI): odds ratio (95% confidence interval); ; .