Prevalence and Risk Factors of ACO (Asthma-COPD Overlap) in Aboriginal People

Table 2

Univariate analysis of the risk factors associated with the prevalence of ACO.

Variables	Prevalence of ACO	Odds ratio (95% CI)	value
Age
12 to 34	1.57	1
35 to 44	1.68	1.07 (0.62–1.84)	0.8045
45 to 54	4.31	2.81 (1.71–4.61)	<0.0001
55 to 64	4.28	2.80 (1.71–4.59)	<0.0001
65 and over	4.88	3.20 (1.89–5.43)	<0.0001
Sex
Men	1.65	1
Women	3.53	2.18 (1.58–3.00)	<0.0001
Marital status
Married and living common-law	1.87	1
Widowed, separated, and divorced	6.76	3.80 (2.48–5.84)	<0.0001
Single, never married	2.64	1.42 (1.01–2.00)	<0.0001
Rural or urban
Large urban population centre	3.00	1
Rural area	2.17	0.72 (0.48–1.06)	0.0953
Small population centre	2.00	0.66 (0.45–0.98)	0.0370
Medium population centre	3.63	1.22 (0.74–2.00)	0.4346
Personal income
$5000 to $19,999	5.85	1
$5000 or less income	2.12	0.35 (0.22–0.55)	<0.0001
$20,000 to 49,999	2.18	0.36 (0.25–0.53)	<0.0001
$50,000 to $100,000 and over	0.81	0.13 (0.07–0.24)	<0.0001
Province
Ontario	3.41	1
Atlantic	1.11	0.32 (0.18–0.59)	0.0002
Quebec	5.68	1.72 (1.05–2.81)	0.0320
Prairies	2.23	0.65 (0.42–1.00)	0.0471
British Columbia	1.81	0.52 (0.32–0.86)	0.0100
Territories	1.01	0.29 (0.17–0.51)	<0.0001
Type of smoker
Not at all	1.89	1
Daily	4.47	2.42 (1.78–3.32)	<0.0001
Occasionally	2.38	1.26 (0.72–2.20)	0.4112
Anybody smoking at home
No	2.38	1
Yes	4.21	2.04 (1.42–2.94)	0.0001
Dwelling (owned/rented)
Owned	1.58	1
Rented	4.12	2.69 (1.95–3.70)	<0.0001
Dwelling in need of major repairs
No, only regular maintenance is needed	2.01	1
Yes, major repairs are needed	6.44	3.35 (2.19–5.13)	<0.0001
Yes, minor repairs are needed	2.47	1.24 (0.86–1.78)	0.2525
Diabetes
Gestational and no diagnosis of diabetes	2.24	1
Diabetes type 1 and type 2	7.20	3.38 (2.34–4.90)	<0.0001
How many rooms are there in a dwelling
0 and 2 rooms	5.58	1
3 and 5 rooms	3.70	0.65 (0.38–1.11)	0.1136
6 and 8 rooms	1.87	0.32 (0.16–0.63)	0.0010
9 rooms and over	1.23	0.21 (0.10–0.44)	<0.0001
Number of paid hours per week
0 to 20 hours	1.19	1
21 to 40 hours	1.22	1.03 (0.50–2.11)	0.9402
41 to 80 hours	2.09	1.77 (0.75–4.17)	0.1887
80 hours and over	4.21	3.65 (1.82–7.32)	0.0003

Including Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Labrador, Prince Edward Island, and New Brunswick. Including Nunavut, Yukon, and Northwest Territories.