Assessment of Bacteriological and Physicochemical Quality of Drinking Water from Source to Household Tap Connection in Nekemte, Oromia, Ethiopia
Table 1
Physicochemical analysis of source, reservoir, and disinfection points water samples.
Parameters
Sources
Disinfection point
Main distribution tank
Tap water
N
3
3
3
81
Temp ( C) ± SE
20.5 ± 0.5a
20.8 ± 0.4a
20.8 ± 0.5a
20.9 ± 1.0a
pH ± SE
6.82 ± 1.7a
6.87 ± .01a
7.03 ± 01a
6.73 ± 0.1a
Turbidity (NTU) ± SE
12 ± 2a
Nil
Nil
0.89 ± 0.5b
TDS (mg/l) ± SE
47.8 ± 2.6a
36 ± 2b
32 ± 1b
21.0 ± 2.8c
EC (µS/cm) ± SE
70 ± 2a
46 ± 1b
45 ± 0.00b
65.5 ± 4.5a
NO3− (mg/l) ± SE
1.8 ± 0.2b
1.3 ± 0.3b
1.3 ± 0.2a
3.6 ± 1.1a
PO4−3 (mg/l) ± SE
1 ± 0.52a
0.6 ± .26a
0.56 ± .21a
0.75 ± 0.14a
FCR (mg/l) ± SE
0.20 ± 0.1a
0.23 ± .01a
0.28 ± .01a
0.21 ± 0.23a
S04−2 (mg/l) ± SE
4 ± 1.7b
14 ± 3.6a
14.5 ± 3.5a
17.8 ± 3.4a
Colour (mg/) ± SE
91 ± 8.5a
3 ± 2.6d
Nil ± 0d
0.0
Mn+2 (mg/l) ± SE
1 ± 0.1a
0.3 ± .12b
0.2 ± 0.01b
1.6 ± 0.3a
Fe+2 (mg/l)
1.19 ± 0.1a
0.19 ± 0.0c
0.18 ± 0.0c
0.67 ± 0.2b
TC (CFU/100 ml) ± SE
120a
109ab
100ab
38 ± 15.7c
FC (CFU/100 ml) ± SE
TNT
12a
5.5b
1.7 ± 2.9c
Data are average of triplicates; numbers followed by the same letter superscripts in the same row do not vary significantly by Duncan’s multiple range test at ; SE: standard error; TNT: too numerous to count.