Parental Perceptions of Child’s Medical Care and Neighborhood and Child’s Behavioral Risk Factors for Obesity in U.S. Children by Body Mass Index Classification
Table 3
Health insurance adequacy and risk factors for obesity.
Parameter
Inadequate or no health insurance percent (95th CI)
Adequate health insurance percent (95th CI)
Watch television (4 or more hr/day)
15.7 (14.2, 17.4)
13.3 (12.5, 14.2)
0.007
Electronic devices (4 or more hr/day)
16.8 (15.2, 18.5)
15.4 (14.5, 16.3)
0.318
Adequate sleep (3 or less nights/wk)
12.5 (11.1, 13.9)
9.8 (9.1, 10.6)
<0.001
Physical activity moderate-to-vigorous (days/wk)
0.037
0
34.1 (30.6, 37.9)
65.9 (62.1, 69.4)
1–3
32.0 (30.0, 34.1)
68.0 (65.9, 70.0)
4‐5
29.5 (27.8, 31.3)
70.5 (68.7, 72.2)
6‐7
29.6 (27.7, 31.4)
70.4 (68.6, 72.3)
No preventive medical care
23.0 (21.1, 24.9)
15.7 (14.7, 16.7)
<0.001
Second- or third-hand smoke exposure
7.1 (6.2, 8.0)
7.2 (6.6, 7.8)
0.817
% FPL
<0.001
0–99
17.3 (15.6, 19.0)
18.5 (17. 5, 19.6)
100–199
24.0 (22.1, 26.0)
19.8 (18.7, 20.9)
Family meals (days per week)
0.002
0–3
27.7 (25.9, 29.6)
27.0 (25.9, 28.1)
4–6
34.9 (32.2, 36,9)
38.9 (37.7, 40.2)
Every night
37.4 (35.4, 39.5)
24.1 (32.9, 35.3)
Sex
Boys
Girls
Boys
Girls
0.493
31.0 (29.6, 32.5)
30.3 (28.8, 31.8)
69.0 (67.5, 70.4)
69.7 (68.2, 71.2)
Parents perceived neighborhood not safe
15.5 (13.8, 17.4)
10.3 (9.4, 11.2)
<0.001
Parents perceived no neighborhood support
18.1 (16.5, 19.8)
14.4 (13.4, 15.4)
<0.001
Parents reported no playground and parks in neighborhood
18.6 (17.0, 20.2)
16.1 (15.2, 17.0)
0.006
% within race/ethnicity inadequate or no health insurance
Hispanic
NHB
Other races
NHW
<0.001
37.1a (33.9, 40.5)
28.2b (25.7, 30.8)
34.3a (30.7, 38.2)
28.5b (27.4, 29.7)
NHB = non-Hispanic Black; Other Race = race/ethnicity other than categories provided such as Asian or mixed race; NHW = non-Hispanic White; FPL = federal poverty level. Note. Age was not associated with health insurance adequacy ().
